Bacteriophage therapy as a bacterial control strategy in aquaculture

Oliveira, Jacinta M.M.; Castilho, F.; Pereira, Mário Jorge

doi:10.1007/s10499-012-9515-7

Cited by 113 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…In our study, MIC ranges for DOX and FFC were 0.5-64 µg/mL and 0.25-32 µg/ mL, respectively. The resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibacterials is a growing problem in aquaculture (33). The consequences of increasing resistance in bacteria and the diminishing impact of therapeutic drugs reach far beyond the geographic origins of antibacterial compounds (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy for the control of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)fry: the first genotypical evidence in West Aegean region of Turkey

Boyacıoğlu¹,

Kum²,

Kırkan³

et al. 2015

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and to examine the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of enrofloxacin (ENR), doxycycline (DOX), and florfenicol (FFC) treatment in rainbow trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) against F. psychrophilum. A total of 220 naturally infected rainbow trout fry were examined and 26 bacterial isolates were phenotypically and genotypically identified. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ENR, DOX, and FFC were determined. ENR was the most active, with an MIC for 90% of the isolates (MIC 90 ) of 4 µg/mL. DOX was less active, with an MIC 90 of 32 µg/mL for isolates. Approximately 25,000 naturally infected fry were divided as the control, ENR, DOX, and FFC group. ENR and FFC groups were given 10 mg kg -1 day -1 for 10 days, and DOX was given at 30 mg kg -1 day -1 on specified days. Among the isolates, 12% were resistant to ENR, 38% were resistant to DOX, and 19% were resistant to FFC. Despite these in vitro results, ENR and DOX were not effective in rainbow trout fry syndrome treatment. FFC reduced the mortality when compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). This study indicated that in vivo and in vitro results are different from each other.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy for the control of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)fry: the first genotypical evidence in West Aegean region of Turkey

Boyacıoğlu¹,

Kum²,

Kırkan³

et al. 2015

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

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“…It will also be highly relevant to investigate different feeding regimes when it comes to administering bacteriophages in this way, including the prophylactic administration of phages. The administration of phages via the feed enables the treatment of a whole fish population against a specific pathogen without affecting the normal intestinal microflora (25).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal and Survival of Flavobacterium psychrophilum PhagesIn Vivoin Rainbow Trout andIn Vitrounder Laboratory Conditions: Implications for Their Use in Phage Therapy

Madsen

Bertelsen

Dalsgaard

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Attention has been drawn to phage therapy as an alternative approach for controlling pathogenic bacteria such as Flavobacterium psychrophilum in salmonid aquaculture, which can give rise to high mortalities, especially in rainbow trout fry. Recently, phages have been isolated with a broad host range and a strong lytic potential against pathogenic F. psychrophilum under experimental conditions. However, little is known about the fate of phages at environmental conditions. Here, we quantified the dispersal and fate of F. psychrophilum phages and hosts in rainbow trout fry after intraperitoneal injection. Both phages and bacteria were isolated from the fish organs for up to 10 days after injection, and coinjection with both bacteria and phages resulted in a longer persistence of the phage in the fish organs, than when the fish had been injected with the phages only. The occurrence of both phage and bacterium was most prevalent in the kidney and spleen, with only minor occurrence in the brain. The experiment showed that injected phages were rapidly spread in the internal organs of the fish, also in the absence of bacteria. Parallel examination of the regulation of bacteriophage infectivity in controlled laboratory experiments at various environmental conditions showed that pH had only minor effects on long-term (3 months) phage infectivity within a pH range of 4.5 to 7.5, whereas phage infectivity was immediately lost at pH 3. In the absence of host cells, phage infectivity decreased by a factor of 10,000 over 55 days in untreated pond water, while the sterilization and removal of particles caused a 100-fold increase in phage survival relative to the control. In addition, F. psychrophilum-specific phages maintained their infectivity for ϳ2 months in glycerol at ؊80°C, whereas infectivity decreased by a factor 10 when kept in a buffer at 20°C. Only a very small degradation in infectivity was seen when bacteriophages were added and dried on fish feed pellets. Together, these results indicate that application of bacteriophages represents a promising approach for the control of F. psychrophilum infections in trout and suggest fish feed as a potential delivery method.

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“…The alternatives investigated in the control of lactococcosis have been intraperitoneal injection of L. garvieae bacteriophages in farmed fish [29], utilization of Aeromonas as a probiotic to stimulate innate immunity, increasing the number of leukocytes, improving phagocytic activity and the respiratory activity of leukocytes [30], and the most effective alternative, that is vaccination with formalin inactivated L. garvieae strains [3].…”

Section: Control Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%