Bacterial Communities Changes during Food Waste Spoilage

Wu, Shanghua; Xu, Shengjun; Chen, Xi; Sun, Hanjun; Hu, Mingming; Bai, Zhihui; Zhuang, Guoqiang

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26494-2

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…For example, consistent with previous research, the pH increased in the residue during BSFL rearing ( Table 2; Erickson et al, 2004;Lalander et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2018;Jiang et al, 2019;Wynants et al, 2019;Klammsteiner et al, 2020). Characteristic for food waste decomposition, the residue pH initially decreased due to the hydrolysis of proteins (Wu et al, 2018). Following 6 days of rearing, the pH increased beyond the initially value in the substrate, presumably due to the excretion of nitrogenous compounds by BSFL (e.g., uric acid) (Klammsteiner et al, 2020).…”

Section: Common Fly Associated Bacteria Dominate the Rearing Residuesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Our hypothesis was confirmed as results show that inactivation of microbes in the substrate reduced rearing performance (Figures 1, 2), suggesting that the initial substrate microbial community contributes to substrate decomposition and/or larval growth. The initial canteen waste microbial community was dominated by LAB (Figure 3), which is typical for fermented foods (Wu et al, 2018) and grain-based substrates (Wynants et al, 2019) with high contents of digestible carbohydrates (i.e., starch) ( Table 1) and low pH ( Table 2). LAB that have been shown to promote the growth of Drosophila melanogaster (Shin et al, 2016;Storelli et al, 2018), are routinely used as feed additives to promote the growth of farmed animals (e.g., poultry, pigs, and cattle) (Vieco-Saiz et al, 2019), and the addition of LAB (e.g., Lactobacillus buchneri) to the substrate has been shown to increase BSFL rearing performance (Somroo et al, 2019;Mazza et al, 2020).…”

Section: Substrate Microbiota Contributes To Rearing Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

et al. 2020

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Significant economic, environmental, and social impacts are associated with the avoidable disposal of foods worldwide. Mass-rearing of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae using organic wastes and food- and agro-industry side products is promising for recycling resources within the food system. One current challenge of this approach is ensuring a reliable and high conversion performance of larvae with inherently variable substrates. Research has been devoted to increasing rearing performance by optimizing substrate nutrient contents and ratios, while the potential of the substrate and larval gut microbiota to increase rearing performance remains untapped. Since previous research has focused on gut microbiota, here, we describe bacterial dynamics in the residue (i.e., the mixture of frass and substrate) of black soldier fly larvae reared on two food wastes (i.e., canteen and household waste). To identify members of the substrate and residue microbiota, potentially associated with rearing performance, bacterial dynamics were also studied in the canteen waste without larvae, and after inactivation by irradiation of the initial microbiota in canteen waste. The food waste substrates had similar microbiota; both were dominated by common lactic acid bacteria. Inactivation of the canteen waste microbiota, which was dominated by Leuconostoc, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus, decreased the levels of all rearing performance indicators by 31–46% relative to canteen waste with the native microbiota. In both food waste substrates, larval rearing decreased the bacterial richness and changed the physicochemical residue properties and composition over the rearing period of 12 days, and typical members of the larval intestinal microbiota (i.e., Providencia, Dysgonomonas, Morganella, and Proteus) became more abundant, suggesting their transfer into the residue through excretions. Future studies should isolate members of these taxa and elucidate their true potential to influence black soldier fly mass-rearing performance.

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Section: Common Fly Associated Bacteria Dominate the Rearing Residuesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Substrate Microbiota Contributes To Rearing Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

et al. 2020

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“…When food waste remains untreated, microbial spoilage dominated by lactic acid bacteria can cause the pH to rapidly drop to approx. 4.3 within 7 h ( Aichinger et al, 2015 ; Wu et al, 2018 ). A similarly low initial pH of 4.5 was observed in the food waste fed to the larvae in our study ( Supplementary Table 1 ), before shifting to a more neutral value in post-process residues ( Figure 2C ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Processed Food (Canteen and Oil Wastes) on the Development of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae and Their Gut Microbiome Functions

et al. 2021

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Canteens represent an essential food supply hub for educational institutions, companies, and business parks. Many people in these locations rely on a guaranteed service with consistent quality. It is an ongoing challenge to satisfy the demand for sufficient serving numbers, portion sizes, and menu variations to cover food intolerances and different palates of customers. However, overestimating this demand or fluctuating quality of dishes leads to an inevitable loss of unconsumed food due to leftovers. In this study, the food waste fraction of canteen leftovers was identified as an optimal diet for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae based on 50% higher consumption and 15% higher waste reduction indices compared with control chicken feed diet. Although the digestibility of food waste was nearly twice as high, the conversion efficiency of ingested and digested chicken feed remains unparalleled (17.9 ± 0.6 and 37.5 ± 0.9 in CFD and 7.9 ± 0.9 and 9.6 ± 1.0 in FWD, respectively). The oil separator waste fraction, however, inhibited biomass gain by at least 85% and ultimately led to a larval mortality of up to 96%. In addition to monitoring larval development, we characterized physicochemical properties of pre- and post-process food waste substrates. High-throughput amplicon sequencing identified Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota as the most abundant phyla, and Morganella, Acinetobacter, and certain Lactobacillales species were identified as indicator species. By using metagenome imputation, we additionally gained insights into the functional spectrum of gut microbial communities. We anticipate that the results will contribute to the development of decentralized waste-management sites that make use of larvae to process food waste as it has become common practice for biogas plants.

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“…Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play an important role in food preservation and fermentation processes by lowering the pH and producing bacteriocins, which prevent the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Lactobacilli are also "friendly" bacteria that commonly live in human digestive systems without causing disease (Wu et al 2018). Biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria in masin is still being studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Enterobacteriaceae on masin (fermented sauce) from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Manguntungi¹,

Saputri²,

Afgani³

et al. 2020

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Manguntungi B, Saputri DS, Afgani CA, Mustopa AZ, Fatimah, Kusmiran A. 2020. Biodiversity of Enterobacteriaceae on masin (fermented sauce) from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1001-1006. Masin is fermented sauce originating from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara which is made from raw shrimp with the addition of tamarind, salt, and fingerroot (Boesenbergia pandurata) flower. The study aimed to determine the biodiversity of pathogenic bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae family in Masin. The methods used in this study were isolation of bacteria using MRS media with modified NaCl concentration (1-12%) and molecular identification by using PCR-RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA-based sequencing analysis. The characteristics of bacteria that were successfully isolated on media with various concentrations of salt were round, milky white, and formed a flat edge with convex elevation in each colony. The highest bacterial population was 29.65 x 106 CFU/g in MRS + NaCl 7% treatment. From 48 selected isolates that morphologically close to Enterobacteriaceae family, 5 isolates were chosen for sequencing analysis. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, isolate 01 had a close kinship with Leclercia adecarboxylata, isolate 11 had a close kinship with Citrobacter freundii, isolate 33 had a close kinship with Enterobacter cloacae, isolate 40 had a close kinship with Pantoea agglomerans and isolate 46 had a close kinship with Enterobacter ludwigii.

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Bacterial Communities Changes during Food Waste Spoilage

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

Impact of Processed Food (Canteen and Oil Wastes) on the Development of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae and Their Gut Microbiome Functions

Biodiversity of Enterobacteriaceae on masin (fermented sauce) from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

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