The research compared antidiabetic activity of snake fruit Kombucha, black tea Kombucha and metformin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Snake fruit Kombucha, black tea Kombucha and metformin were orally administered to the diabetic rats daily during a 28-day experiment. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lipid profiles (total triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol) of the blood plasma were investigated. Pancreas immunohistochemical study and β-cells quantification were also conducted. The products significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fasting plasma glucose levels (67-76%) and improved oxidative stress indices and lipid profiles. From immunohistochemical staining of pancreatic tissues, pancreatic β-cells were also improved in the diabetic rats by the products. The snake fruit Kombucha compared with the metformin but better than the black tea Kombucha as a diabetes therapy agent.
Abstract. Manguntungi B, Saputri DS, Afgani CA, Mustopa AZ, Fatimah, Kusmiran A. 2020. Biodiversity of Enterobacteriaceae on masin (fermented sauce) from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1001-1006. Masin is fermented sauce originating from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara which is made from raw shrimp with the addition of tamarind, salt, and fingerroot (Boesenbergia pandurata) flower. The study aimed to determine the biodiversity of pathogenic bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae family in Masin. The methods used in this study were isolation of bacteria using MRS media with modified NaCl concentration (1-12%) and molecular identification by using PCR-RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA-based sequencing analysis. The characteristics of bacteria that were successfully isolated on media with various concentrations of salt were round, milky white, and formed a flat edge with convex elevation in each colony. The highest bacterial population was 29.65 x 106 CFU/g in MRS + NaCl 7% treatment. From 48 selected isolates that morphologically close to Enterobacteriaceae family, 5 isolates were chosen for sequencing analysis. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, isolate 01 had a close kinship with Leclercia adecarboxylata, isolate 11 had a close kinship with Citrobacter freundii, isolate 33 had a close kinship with Enterobacter cloacae, isolate 40 had a close kinship with Pantoea agglomerans and isolate 46 had a close kinship with Enterobacter ludwigii.
Abstract. Manguntungi B, Saputri DS, Mustopa AZ, Ekawati N, Afgani CA, Sari AP, Triratna L, Sukmarini L, Fatimah, Kusmiran A, Yanti S, Irawan S, Prasetyo MD, Fidien KA. 2020. Metagenomic analysis and biodiversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) on masin (fermented sauce) from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3287-3293. Masin is a spontaneously fermented sauce from Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia that is made of shrimp paste, chili, turmeric flower, and herbs mixed with some spices. This study aims to isolate Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) and analyze the metagenomic and biodiversity of its bacteria. Genome isolation for metagenomic analysis was using ZymoBIOMICSTM DNA Miniprep Kit. Sequencing analysis to identify LAB strain form masin was using 16S rRNA universal primer. Metagenomic analysis showed that relative abundance bacteria in masin for order taxon was Lactobacillales, the family taxon was Enteroccocaceae, and the genus was Tetragenoccocus. Six different groups were obtained from the phylogenetic tree analysis of 40 isolates found in masin. The representatives of each group taken were isolates number 2, 17, 11, 34, 28, and 5. Based on the results of sequencing analysis, the 6 isolates found in masin are Staphylococcus piscifermentans strain CIP103958 (Isolate Code 2), S. piscifermentans strain BULST54 (Isolate Code 17), S. piscifermentans strain SK03 (Isolate Code 11), S. piscifermentans strain ATCC 51136 (Isolate Code 34), S. piscifermentans strain PCM 2409 (Isolate Code 28) and S. piscifermentans strain PU-87 (Isolate Code 5). Through this research, it has been described a whole diversity of bacteria contained in masin, one of them is Lactic acid bacteria. The six LAB isolates that have been identified can be developed as starter candidates for masin production.
Antosianin merupakan senyawa turunan polifenol yang keberadaannya sangat melimpah di alam dengan keanekaragaman dalam berbagai jenis tumbuhan. Antosianin merupakan kelompok pigmen larut air pada tanaman yang paling banyak ditemukan disamping klorofil. Senyawa ini adalah komponen alami yang terakumulasi pada vakuola dan bertanggungjawab untuk warna merah, biru dan ungu pada buah, sayur, bunga dan tumbuhan lainnya. Antosianin disusun dari sebuah aglikon (antosianidin) yang teresterifikasi dengan satu atau lebih gugus gula (glikon). Terdapat sekitar 700 jenis antosianin yang telah diekstrak dari tanaman. Perbedaan utama dari berbagai jenis antosianin adala pada jumlah gugus hidroksil dan gugus gula yang terikat pada struktur molekul ataupun posisi dari ikatannya. Antosianin memiliki berbagai manfaat untuk kesehatan tubuh diantaranya adalah sebagai antioksidan, pencegah penyakit kardiovaskular, meningkatkan daya penglihatan, anti diabetes, anti inflamasi dan anti kanker. Dalam proses pengolahannya, untuk mempertahankan kestabilan dan kandungan antosianin perlu memperhatikan beberapa karakteristiknya yakni antosianin rentan terhadap suhu tinggi, cahaya, lebih stabil pada pH rendah dan dapat dipertahankan kestabilannya dengan cara ko-pigmentasi.
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