Bacterial attachment to the chorioamniotic membranes

Galask, Rudolph P.; Varner, Michael W.; Petzold, Chris; Wilbur, Stephen L.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(84)90534-9

Cited by 131 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The infection may invade the fetal vessels (choriovasculitis) or proceed through the amnion (amnionitis) into the amniotic cavity, leading to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity or an intra-amniotic infection (stage III). Rupture of the membranes is not a prerequisite for intraamniotic infection, as microorganisms are capable of crossing intact membranes [Galask et al, 1984]. Once in the amniotic cavity, the bacteria may gain access to the fetus by different ports of entry (stage IV).…”

Section: Pathways Of Intrauterine Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine infection and prematurity

Gonçalves

Chaiworapongsa

Romero

2002

Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.

530

380

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Intrauterine infection is a major cause of premature labor with and without intact membranes. Intrauterine infection is present in approximately 25% of all preterm births and the earlier the gestational age at delivery, the higher the frequency of intra-amniotic infection. Microorganisms may also gain access to the fetus before delivery. A fetal inflammatory response syndrome elicited in response to microbial products is associated with the impending onset of preterm labor and also with multi-systemic organ involvement in the human fetus and a higher rate of perinatal morbidity. The most common microorganisms involved in intrauterine infections are Ureaplasma urealyticum, Fusobacterium species and Mycoplasma hominis. The role of Chlamydia trachomatis and viruses in preterm labor remain to be determined. Use of molecular microbiology techniques to diagnose intrauterine infection may uncover the role of fastidious microorganisms that have not yet been discovered. Antibiotic administration to patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria is associated with a significant reduction in the rate of preterm birth. However, such benefit has not been demonstrated for patients with bacterial vaginosis, or women who carry Streptococcus agalactia, Ureaplasma urealyticum or Trichomonas vaginalis. Antibiotic administration to patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes is associated with prolongation of pregnancy and a reduction in the rate of clinical chorioamnionitis and neonatal sepsis. The benefit has not been demonstrated in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Major efforts are required to determine why some women develop an ascending intrauterine infection and others do not and also what interventions may reduce the deleterious effect of systemic fetal inflammation.

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Section: Pathways Of Intrauterine Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrauterine infection and prematurity

Gonçalves

Chaiworapongsa

Romero

2002

Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.

530

380

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“…GBS readily adheres to vaginal epithelial, chorion, and amnion cells (23,24). GBS is capable of invading chorion cells, but not amnion cells (25).…”

Section: Colonization and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group B Streptococcus: Prevention of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Platt

O’Brien²

2003

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey

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“…However, microbial agents have been shown to cross the membranes (Galask et al, 1984), even when the membranes are physically intact. This suggests that bacterial proliferation within the amniotic cavity could be prevented by factors such as the presence of antimicrobial peptides, and that disruption of this steady state could result in infection, and its ensuing consequences (Espinoza et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Prophylaxis before second‐trimester Genetic Amniocentesis (APGA): a single‐centre open randomised controlled trial

Giorlandino¹,

Cignini²,

Cini

et al. 2009

Prenatal Diagnosis

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Objective To compare procedure-related pregnancy loss after second-trimester genetic amniocentesis in women given an antibiotic prophylaxis and controls.Methods Prospective, open randomised controlled single-centre study between January 1999 and December 2005 at Artemisia Fetal Maternal Medical Centre. A follow-up within 4 weeks after the procedure was done.Of 36 347 eligible women, 1424 refused to participate and 34 923 were enrolled and randomised with unequal chance of selection, 21 991 were assigned to treatment group and 12 932 were assigned to the control group, and did not receive any placebo. Oral azithromycin, 500 mg per day, was administered 3 days before amniocentesis. The primary endpoint was the procedure-related pregnancy loss. The secondary endpoint was the rate of preterm premature rupture of membranes. ResultsThe rate of abortion related to the amniocentesis was 7/21 219 women (0.03%, 95% CI 0.009-0.057) in the intervention group, and 36/12 529 (0.28%, 0.28-0.30) in controls (p = 0.0019). The rate of preterm premature rupture of membranes was 14/21 219 (0.06%, 0.031-0.101) in the intervention group, and 140/12 529 (1.12%, 0.94-1.30) in the control group (p = 0.001).Conclusions Antibiotic prophylaxis before second-trimester amniocentesis reduced the risk of abortion and of rupture of the membranes.

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Bacterial attachment to the chorioamniotic membranes

Cited by 131 publications

References 16 publications

Intrauterine infection and prematurity

Intrauterine infection and prematurity

Group B Streptococcus: Prevention of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Antibiotic Prophylaxis before second‐trimester Genetic Amniocentesis (APGA): a single‐centre open randomised controlled trial

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