Bacterial and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of urinary tract infection isolated from asymptomatic and symptomatic diabetic patients attending tertiary hospital in Jos, Nigeria

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection caused by the presence and growth of microorganisms in the urinary tract. In most cases empirical antimicrobial treatment is usually initiated before the laboratory results are made available; hence the need for antibiotic susceptibility test to enhance management of UTI. The study was designed to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of urinary tract bacteria isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic diabetic patients at Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos. 100 mid-stream urine samples (app. 20 mls) were aseptically collected into sterile containers after informed consent of diabetic patients of ages 20 years and above were analyzed at Central Diagnostic Laboratory NVRI Vom. The isolates were identified using standard bacteriological techniques after been cultured on MacConkey and CLED agars. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done in accordance with NCCLS disc diffusion methods. The results were then analyzed using chi square test. Of the 100 urine samples, different bacterial uropathogens were isolated, with a prevalence of 40%. The bacteria isolates were; Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) (37.5%), Escherichia coli (24%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (15%) and Streptococcus spp (10%). Esherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly resistant to most antibiotics used, while coagulase negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus spp were highly sensitive to most antibiotics used in this study. Self-medication including antibiotics is clearly a major culprit. Behavioral Change Communication to all stake holders is increased to cover all radio and TV stations in the state. In addition, investigations (routine microscopy, culture and sensitivity of urine) be completed before treatment is commenced in order to mitigate acquisition and spread of drug resistance by bacteria.

Characterization and Plasmid Profile of Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

“…Treatment of nosocomial infections is becoming a challenge as a result of resistance to antibiotics and the associated burden (Cao et al, 2014). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Pseudomonas spp., and other isolated bacteria have been implicated as contributing agents of nosocomial infections, and were also reported in the study by Kibret and Abera (2014), Derese et al (2016), andAnejo-Okopi et al (2015). The Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained in the study though had the highest incidence of occurrence when compared with other isolates at 33% was still low generally which aligns with other studies where the occurrence was reported to be low (Farajnia et al, 2009;Kamrul et al, 2012).…”

<p>Bacterial Profiles and Their Associated Factors of Urinary Tract Infection and Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Gram-Negative Uropathogens Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeastern Ethiopia</p>

“…36 On the other hand, coagulase negative staphylococci was the third most common species identified in the present study whereas it was the predominant one in a study conducted in Nigeria. 12 Gram-positive cocci play a lesser role in causing UTI. Among the patients infected with Gram-positive cocci in our study, CoNS, 7 (17.9%), was the predominant isolate, followed by S. aureus, 3 (7.7%).…”

“…[14][15][16][17][18] Several uropathogens have been identified in diabetic patients and the most common uropathogens isolated are Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. 7,9,12,18 Due to different reasons, these bacterial uropathogens showed wide-ranging resistances to different classes of antibiotics across the world. 6,7, In diabetic patients, early diagnosis of UTI is essential for its proper management and to avoid the incidence of possible complications.…”

Recent trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in type II diabetes mellitus

“…7 E. coli (19.2%), CNS (46.15%), K. pneumoniae (19.23%), S. aureus (3.84%), and Streptococcus spp. (11.53%) while that of the asymptomatic was; E. coli (31.25%), CNS (18.75%), S. aureus (31.35%), and Streptococcus spp.…”