Bacterial aerosols in a municipal landfill environment

Cyprowski, Marcin; Ławniczek-Wałczyk, Anna; Gołofit-Szymczak, Małgorzata; Frączek, K.; Kozdrój, Jacek; Górny, Rafał L.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.356

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The increasing microbiological air pollution that is caused by the contaminated bioaerosols, has huge impact on the human health [ 1 , 2 ]. Both the culturable and non-culturable bioaerosols can act as an important reservoir for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) by virtue of their free mobility, consequently putting people with compromised immunity at risk of catching infections [ 3 – 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antibiogram of coagulase negative Staphylococci in bioaerosols from different indoors of a university in India

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antibiogram of coagulase negative Staphylococci in bioaerosols from different indoors of a university in India

et al. 2020

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“…It is well known that air pollution monitoring is an extremely important aspect for epidemiology. Many sources of literature present extensive air analysis of diverse environments like for example dust, which is a component of bioaerosols [36], landfills [37], hospitals, and the Earth's stratosphere and troposphere [38]. However, studies of the sanitary conditions of city air are less common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiological condition of public air in the city during autumn and winter

Adamus-Białek¹,

Filipiak²,

Wawszczak³

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Microorganisms live in most environments, and one of the most common is air. Bacteria, viruses, and fungi occur as bioaerosols, which allows them to spread. Airborne bacteria are potentially pathogenic, especially in areas densely populated by people. Aim of the research: To analyse the microbiological air pollution in different public places-busy streets, a city park, a cinema, and a pharmacy, in Kielce, during autumn and winter. Material and methods: The total number of bacteria was estimated based on the sedimentation method. The microbiological condition of air was compared to the standardised Polish norm. Additionally, the macroscopic (bacterial colony) and microscopic (Gram-stained bacterial cells) methods were used for bacterial differentiation. Results: Most of the air samples did not exhibit contamination, although the detected cases of significant microbiological pollution do pose a threat to public health. The air on the streets revealed the highest microbial contamination, and the lowest levels of microbes were found in the park. The influence of temperature and population density on the bacterial prevalence in the air has been proven. Despite low air temperatures, the amount of bacteria in most cases was close to the average pollution level. It was also observed that in the pharmacy, the glass separating customers and staff did not reduce the number of bacteria on either side. Conclusions: Special attention should be paid to places that can significantly influence the spread of pathogens due to large population (e.g. a cinema) or the presence of sick people (e.g. a pharmacy). Air should be monitored in such places. Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Mikroorganizmy stwierdza się w prawie każdym środowisku, szczególnie powszechnie w powietrzu. Bakterie, wirusy i grzyby występują w postaci bioaerozoli, co pozwala im się przemieszczać. Bakterie przenoszone przez powietrze mogą należeć do patogennych grup, zwłaszcza w miejscach często uczęszczanych przez ludzi. Cel pracy: Analiza mikrobiologicznego zanieczyszczenia powietrza w różnych miejscach publicznych, takich jak ruchliwe ulice, park miejski, kino i apteka. Materiał i metody: Ogólną liczbę bakterii określono metodą sedymentacji. Stan mikrobiologiczny powietrza porównano z normą polską. Dodatkowo do różnicowania bakterii zastosowano metody makroskopowe (obserwacja kolonii bakterii) i mikroskopowe (obserwacja komórek bakterii wybarwionych metodą Grama). Wyniki: W większości próbek powietrza nie stwierdzono zanieczyszczenia, chociaż wykryte przypadki znacznego zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego stanowią zagrożenie dla zdrowia publicznego. W powietrzu na ulicach odnotowano najwyższy poziom zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego, najmniej drobnoustrojów występowało w parku. Dodatkowo wykazano wpływ temperatury i zaludnienia na występowanie bakterii w powietrzu. Mimo niskich temperatur powietrza liczba bakterii w większości przypadków była bliska średniego poziomu. Zaobserwowano również, że w aptece szyba dzieląca klientów i personel nie wpływa na zmni...

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“…Many of the concentrations of total bacteria reviewed showed high levels in comparison to the Environment Agency (Frederickson et al, 2013) guidelines of 1,000 CFU m -3 for total bacteria ( Table 3) such as Lis et al (2004), Buczyńska et al (2006), Breza-Boruta (2012), Burkowska et al (2011) and Cyprowski et al (2019). Several extremely high concentrations were observed, for instance by Mansour (2012) reported total bacteria 700-800 times greater on the site; between 400-850 times greater 150 metres away; and up to 300 times greater 300 metres away.…”

Section: Bioaerosol Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Only the LIMIC context was considered in the risk assessment for the bioaerosols because the risk was considered to be comparatively trivial for formal workers in HICs where they have little close interaction with the waste. (Frederickson et al, 2013) guidelines, which decrease with distance from the source (Akpeimeh et al, 2019;Breza-Boruta, 2012;Buczyńska et al, 2006;Burkowska et al, 2011;Cyprowski et al, 2019;Kaźmierczuk and Bojanowicz-Bablok, 2014;Lis et al, 2004;Mansour, 2012).  Personal air sampling concentrations (Akpeimeh et al, 2019;Cyprowski et al, 2019) were extremely high in comparison to static samplers, particularly for waste pickers who it is suggested suffer greater exposure due to proximity to mechanical waste handling activities (Akpeimeh et al, 2019).…”

Section: Risk Characterisation For Biological Hazards On Land Disposamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three authors (Akpeimeh et al, 2019;Cyprowski et al, 2019;Mansour, 2012) used statistics to assess this ( Table 3). Mansour (2012) found a significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in concentrations of bacteria, Actinomycetes and fungi at 150 m and 300 m from the source, but downwind, the difference was only significant at 300 m, indicating that the displacement was not strong in the short-range or that the suspended particles were undergoing frequent replenishment.…”

Section: Distance From Activity (Source)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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From dumpsites to engineered landfills: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health

Maalouf¹,

Cook²,

Velis³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Disposal on land has persisted as the most predominant form of waste disposal for millennia and despite advances in modern engineered landfills, large quantities (405 Mt y-1) of collected municipal solid waste (MSW) are still deposited and concentrated in open, uncontrolled dumpsites throughout low- and middle-income countries (LIMICs) worldwide – a key form of waste mismanagement. These pose major threats to the health and safety of surrounding populations and mainly waste pickers who across the Global South target dumpsites to salvage and recycle under minimal protection measures. Here, we conducted an adapted PRISMA systematic review, distilling over 3,000 papers into 40 core sources from 22 countries, to critically assess the evidence on the associated risks. We identified prevalent hazard-pathway-receptor combinations and subsequently scored, compared and ranked the relative risk of exposure to harm experienced by various actors in land disposal sites. Our assessment indicates high risk levels experienced through interaction with medical waste, emissions from waste combustion, and critically through the fatal risk of waste slope failure, claiming the lives of at least (on average) of 34 people per year since 1992. Despite the strong anecdotal signals on the generic nature of the health and safety challenges at hand, many of the sources lack critical information with which to determine and link causality of health effects with the existence, or even exposure to emissions or other hazards. Yet, our critical analysis clearly demonstrates an unacceptable potential for damage to human health and safety; alerting us on the need to close, and immediately manage risks at dumpsites, preventing harm to some of the worlds’ poorest inhabitants. Our aspiration is that quantification and mitigation of risks from dumpsites attracts substantial and scientifically robust efforts.

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Bacterial aerosols in a municipal landfill environment

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and antibiogram of coagulase negative Staphylococci in bioaerosols from different indoors of a university in India

Prevalence and antibiogram of coagulase negative Staphylococci in bioaerosols from different indoors of a university in India

The microbiological condition of public air in the city during autumn and winter

From dumpsites to engineered landfills: A systematic review of risks to occupational and public health

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