Bacteria isolated from the lower respiratory tract of sheep and their relationship to clinical signs of sheep respiratory disease

Abstract

Respiratory diseases are among the most important diseases in sheep flocks. Herein was studied the bacterial etiology of respiratory disease and the clinical signs of 99 female and male sheep breed in the states of São Paulo (SP) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. After physical examination of animals, tracheobronchial flushing samples were obtained. The usual bacteria and Mycoplasma spp. were searched, as well as their association with the clinical status and clinical signs of sheep with respiratory disease. The main observed signs were: tachypnea (75%), increase of rectal temperature (09.4%), mucopurulent/purulent nasal discharge (21.9%), cough (25%), dyspnea (31.2%), changes of lung sounds at auscultation (87.5%) and chest percussion (28.1%) in pneumonic sheep. Non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria and Bacillus sp. were the most isolated bacteria. Microorganisms of the Mollicutes class were molecularly (PCR) detected in 33.3% of the animals. In addition, the specific detection of M. mycoides subsp. capri was described for the first time in sheep from the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Mixed infection of Mycoplasma and bacteria of the respiratory tract of sheep with reference to the histopathological picture in Sharkia Governorate

“…varied greatly among studies (Azizi et al, 2013 (15.09%); Obaid and Khudair, 2016 (13.6% ) and El -Mashad et al, 2020 (3.84% ). Herein, we isolate K. pneumonia and K. oxytoca, both species were detected in former studies (Patel et al, 2017 andFranco et al 2019) in the contrary many previous studies did not isolate Klebsiellasp. from ovine pneumonic lungs (Garedew et al, 2010).…”

“…coli is the most common member of family Enterobacteriacea frequently isolated from respiratory affection in sheep either from nasal swabs or from pneumonic lungs (Zaghawa et al, 2010). Also Klebsiella pneumonia and Klebsiella oxytoca of the same family are mostly associated with ovine pneumonic cases (Patel et al, 2017 andFranco et al, 2019).…”

Peculiarities of microbiocenosis in the upper and lower respiratory tract of clinically healthy calves and the calves with bronchopneumonia

“…It is reported that violations in the microclimatic parameters, particularly temperature and humidity, play an important role in the occurrence of respiratory diseases (Walker et al, 2012;Brscic et al, 2012;Roland et al, 2016). Although animals are adaptable to several unfavorable climatic factors, extreme changes in the climate may lead to various stresses and an imbalance in the defense mechanisms of the body, which is followed by the activation of pathogenic microflora and the development of pathology, particularly in the respiratory system (Roy;Collier, 2012;Roland, 2016;França Dias De Oliveira et al, 2016;Franco et al, 2019). However, under identical environmental risks, certain calves fall ill while other do not, and this difference, according to certain authors, arises due to the different state of microbiocenosis in the respiratory tracts of different animals (Volkmann;Sanftleben;Kemper, 2015;Nicola et al, 2017;Lanaspa et al, 2017;Zeineldin;Lowe;Aldridge, 2019;Timsit et al, 2020).…”

Flock level seroprevalence of and risk factors for parainfluenza type 3 virus in small ruminants in northern Jordan

“…This is particularly due to its non-fatal character, which leads to an incomplete examination of early cases [4]. Chlamydia, parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3) virus, adenovirus, a respiratory syncytial virus, reovirus, and mycoplasmas are usually nominated as the cause [5]. The experimental production of a viral PI3/P.…”