Bacteria Isolated From Bile Samples of Liver Recipients in the Early Period After Transplantation: Epidemiology and Susceptibility of the Bacterial Strains

Kawecki, D.; Chmura, A.; Pacholczyk, Marek; Łągiewska, B; Adadyński, L; Wasiak, Dariusz; Małkowski, Piotr; Sawicka-Grzelak, A.; Rokosz, A; Szymanowska, Amelia; Swoboda-Kopeć, Ewa; Wróblewska, Marta; Rowińskí, W; Durlik, M.; Pączek, Leszek; Łuczak, M.

doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.08.044

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with those described in the National Bacterial Resistance Monitoring Network’s monitoring report ( Kawecki et al, 2007 ; Oldereid et al, 2023 ). Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Enterococcus, and other intestinal flora were the primary pathogenic Gram-negative bacilli identified by the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The distribution and antibiotic-resistant characteristics and risk factors of pathogens associated with clinical biliary tract infection in humans

Chen,

Lai,

Song

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionBiliary Infection in patients is a common and important phenomenon resulting in severe complications and high morbidity, while the distributions and drug resistance profiles of biliary bacteria and related risk factors are dynamic. This study explored the characteristics of and risk factors for biliary infection to promote the rational use of antibiotics in clinically.MethodsBacterial identification and drug susceptibility testing were completed using the Vitek 2 Compact analysis system. The distribution and antibiotic-resistant characteristics of 3,490 strains of biliary bacteria in patients at Nankai Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were analyzed using Whonet 5.6 and SPSS 26.0 software. We then retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and risk factors associated with 2,340 strains of Gram-negative bacilli, which were divided into multidrug-resistant bacteria (1,508 cases) and non-multidrug-resistant bacteria (832 cases) by a multivariate Cox regression model.Results and discussionA total of 3,490 pathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from bile samples, including 2,340 (67.05%) Gram-negative strains, 1,029 (29.48%) Gram-positive strains, and 109 (4.56%) fungal strains. The top five pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rate of Escherichia coli resistance to ciprofloxacin increased (p < 0.05), while the resistance to amikacin decreased (p < 0.05). The resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to cephalosporins, carbapenems, β-lactamase inhibitors, cephalases, aminoglycosides, and quinolones increased (p < 0.05), and the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticacillin/clavulanic acid, and amicacin declined significantly (p < 0.05). The resistance of Enterococcus faecium to tetracycline increased by year (p < 0.05), and the resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to erythromycin and high-concentration gentamicin declined (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the administration of third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins was an independent risk factor for biliary infection. In summary, Gram-negative bacilli were the most common pathogenic bacteria isolated from biliary infection patients, especially Escherichia coli, and the rates and patterns of drug resistance were high and in constant flux; therefore, rational antimicrobial drug use should be carried out considering risk factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The distribution and antibiotic-resistant characteristics and risk factors of pathogens associated with clinical biliary tract infection in humans

Chen,

Lai,

Song

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The conventional method for detecting pathogens in liver tissue is liver tissue or bile cultures . We used eight different culture media to detect a broad range of pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of pathogens in native liver, bile, and blood during pediatric liver transplantation

Schukfeh

Doerner

Heinegg

et al. 2014

Pediatric Transplantation

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During LTX, there may be a risk that pathogens of the native liver are released into the systemic circulation. No investigations on incidence/spectrum of pathogens in native livers have been published. We hypothesized that pathogens are found in the native liver of a large proportion of pediatric patients during LTX and investigated the microbiology of native livers. These data may help optimize antibiotic therapy. Twenty-two consecutive pediatric patients (median age 14 months, range, 5 months-15 yr) receiving LTX in our department from October 2010 to October 2011 were included in this prospective study. Tissue and bile were collected from the explanted liver and were cultivated on different media. All liver tissues were investigated using a broad-range PCR (SepsiTest(®)). In 16 patients, blood cultures were collected post-transplantation. Eleven patients (50%) had at least one pathogen detected; nine of these patients had an underlying diagnosis of biliary atresia. SepsiTest(®) was positive in seven patients. In four patients it was the only test detecting any pathogen. In detail, the positivity rate for liver tissue in all patients was 41% (n = 9); for bile 25% (n = 3); and for blood 25% (n = 4). Thirteen different pathogens (69% bacterial, 31% fungal) were isolated. A highly-sensitive broad-range PCR appears to be an effective method to detect pathogens in native livers of patients undergoing LTX. A high number and variety of microbes, including a high proportion of fungal pathogens, were detected.

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“…Kawecki vizsgálatában a leggyakoribb kóroko-zók a következők voltak: E. coli, Klebsiella-, Enterococcus-és Pseudomonas-fajok, anaerob baktériumok. Köz-lése szerint a cholangitis 33%-os mortalitással járt [40]. Kawecki és mtsai vizsgálata alapján az epeúti fertőzések hátterében többségében ugyan KNS volt kimutatható, kérdés azonban kórokozó szerepe [40].…”

Section: Posztoperatív Időszak éS Fertőzésekunclassified

“…Köz-lése szerint a cholangitis 33%-os mortalitással járt [40]. Kawecki és mtsai vizsgálata alapján az epeúti fertőzések hátterében többségében ugyan KNS volt kimutatható, kérdés azonban kórokozó szerepe [40]. Gotthardt és mtsai kutatásában 213 májtranszplantált beteg szerepelt, akiket a posztoperatív időszakban endoszkópos retrográd cholangiográfi ával (ERCP) vizsgáltak [41].…”

Section: Posztoperatív Időszak éS Fertőzésekunclassified

Bakteriális infekciók májátültetés után

et al. 2015

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Bevezetés: A szerzők a májátültetést követően kialakult mikrobás fertőzéseket, a mintavételek eredményeit, a multidrug-rezisztencia incidenciáját vizsgálták a hazai betegek körében. Célkitűzés: Tanulmányozták a bakteriális fertőzés kialakulásának kockázati tényezőit, az infekciókhoz kapcsolódó szövődmények előfordulását, lefolyását, és részletes kórokozó-spektrumelemzést végeztek. Módszer: 2003-2012 között májátültetett 408 beteg adatait (281 bakterioló-giai tenyésztést) vizsgálták. Eredmények: A 408 beteg közül 70 betegnél (17%) észleltek klinikai tünetekkel járó fertőzést. A tenyésztési lelet 58 betegnél (14,2%) pozitív, 12 betegnél (2,9%) negatív volt. Hét esetben (12,1%) alakult ki cholangitis, 17 esetben (29,3%) fordult elő hasűri és 28 esetben (48,3%) pulmonalis eredetű fertőzés. Posztoperatív fertőzés gyakrabban lépett fel kezdeti csökkent graftműködés, akut veseelégtelenség, epeúti szövődmény és hasű-ri vérzés mellett. Infekció kialakulása esetén az 1, 3 és 5 éves betegtúlélés 70%, 56% és 56% volt, míg infekció nélkül ez 94%, 87%, 85% volt (p<0,001). A kitenyészett baktériumok 56%-ánál találtak multidrug-rezisztenciát, viszont nem volt szignifi káns különbség a multidrug-rezisztencia pozitív és negatív baktériummal fertőzött csoportok egyéves betegtúlélése között (70,2% mindkettő). Következtetések: Az infekciókontroll, a multidrug-rezisztens kórokozók menedzselése a preventív, higiéniai, izolációs elvek kialakítását, betartását, valamint műtéttechnikai, transzfúziós, antibiotikus stratégiák, folyamatok fejlesztését kell, hogy megcélozza, szakmai csapatmunka keretén belül. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(34), 1366-1382. Kulcsszavak: májátültetés, posztoperatív fertőzés, multidrug-rezisztencia, túlélés, szepszis Bacterial infection after orthotopic liver transplantationIntroduction: The authors reviewed the prevalence of postoperative infections, the results of bacterium cultures, and the incidence of multidrug resistance in their liver transplanted patients during a period between 2003 and 2012. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse risk factors and colonisations of bacterial infections. Method: The fi les of 408 patients (281 bacterium cultures) were reviewed. Results: Of the 408 patients 70 had a postoperative infection (17%); 58 patients (14.2%) had positive and 12 patients (2.9%) negative bacterial culture results. Cholangitis was found in 7 cases (12.1%), abdominal infection in 17 cases (29.3%), and pulmonal infection in 28 cases (48.3%). Postoperative infection was more frequent in patients with initial poor graft function, acute renal insuffi ciency, biliary complication, and in those with intraabdominal bleeding. The 1-, 3-and 5-year cumulative survival of patients who had infection was 70%, 56% and 56%, respectively, whereas the cumulative survival data of patients without infection was 94%, 87% and 85%, respectively (p<0.001). Multidrug resistance was found in 56% of the positive cultures, however, the one-year survival was not different in patients who had multidrug resistance positive and negative...

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Bacteria Isolated From Bile Samples of Liver Recipients in the Early Period After Transplantation: Epidemiology and Susceptibility of the Bacterial Strains

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

The distribution and antibiotic-resistant characteristics and risk factors of pathogens associated with clinical biliary tract infection in humans

The distribution and antibiotic-resistant characteristics and risk factors of pathogens associated with clinical biliary tract infection in humans

Spectrum of pathogens in native liver, bile, and blood during pediatric liver transplantation

Bakteriális infekciók májátültetés után

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