B‐chrom: a database on B‐chromosomes of plants, animals and fungi

D'Ambrosio, Ugo; Alonso-Lifante, M. Pilar; Barros, Karina; Kovařı́k, Aleš; Xaxars, Gemma Mas de; Garcia, Sònia

doi:10.1111/nph.14723

Cited by 71 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The B chromosomes (B s ) were initially described in 1907 as additional elements to the standard karyotype in species of the Metapodius genus (Hemiptera) [ 1 ]. The number of eukaryotic species with B s were estimated from 1685 [ 2 ] in 1980 to more than 2828 [ 3 ] in 2017. Among Orthopteran species, B s were described in 191 species, which constitutes 11,9% of studied species [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Chromosomes in Grasshoppers: Different Origins and Pathways to the Modern Bs

Jetybayev

Bugrov

Dzuybenko

et al. 2018

Genes

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B chromosomes (Bs) were described in most taxa of eukaryotes and in around 11.9% of studied Orthopteran species. In some grasshopper species, their evolution has led to many B chromosome morphotypes. We studied the Bs in nine species (Nocaracris tardus, Nocaracris cyanipes, Aeropus sibiricus, Chorthippus jacobsoni, Chorthippus apricarius, Bryodema gebleri, Asiotmethis heptapotamicus songoricus, Podisma sapporensis, and Eyprepocnemis plorans), analyzing their possible origin and further development. The studied Bs consisted of C-positive or C-positive and C-negative regions. Analyzing new data and considering current hypotheses, we suggest that Bs in grasshoppers could arise through different mechanisms and from different chromosomes of the main set. We gave our special attention to the Bs with C-negative regions and suggest a new hypothesis of B chromosome formation from large or medium autosomes. This hypothesis includes dissemination of repetitive sequences and development of intercalary heterochromatic blocks in euchromatic chromosome arm followed by deletion of euchromatic regions located between them. The hypothesis is based on the findings of the Eyprepocnemis plorans specimens with autosome containing numerous intercalary repeat clusters, analysis of C-positive Bs in Eyprepocnemis plorans and Podisma sapporensis containing intercalary and terminal C-negative regions, and development of heterochromatic neo-Y chromosome in some Pamphagidae grasshoppers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Chromosomes in Grasshoppers: Different Origins and Pathways to the Modern Bs

Jetybayev

Bugrov

Dzuybenko

et al. 2018

Genes

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“…Indeed, although global scientific production is under exponential growth, with estimations of the number of publications doubling every 24 yr (Bornmann & Mutz, 2015), the growth experienced by papers on plant sex chromosomes largely exceeds this estimation, being c. 155% more productive this decade than the last. Other databases collecting cytogenetics-related research (Garcia et al, 2014;D'Ambrossio et al, 2017;Sochorov a et al, 2018;Vitales et al, 2019) do not show such a growth, apart from the Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB, http://ccdb.tau.ac.il/ Cumulative publications Publications 1 9 2 9 -1 9 3 8 1 9 1 9 -1 9 2 8 1 9 5 9 -1 9 6 8 1 9 7 9 -1 9 8 8 1 9 8 9 -1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 -2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9 -2 0 2 0 1 9 6 9 -1 9 7 8 1 9 4 9 -1 9 5 8 1 9 3 9 -1 9 4 8 home/, Rice et al, 2015) whose actual data increase is difficult to calculate, but is probably also very high in the recent years. The CCDB also contains information on sex chromosome presence for certain taxa, although it is mainly focused on chromosome number.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex‐chrom, a database on plant sex chromosomes

et al. 2020

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“…The earlier Beukeboom’s estimate that 15% of all species carry Bs seems to be too high. The more accurate calculation stating that only 3% of karyologically studied extant species, across the majority of taxonomic groups carry Bs, was given by D’Ambrosio et al [ 5 ]. Although it was thought that species with Bs in mammals are many times less frequent than in plants, it seems that this is not well grounded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Chromosomes in Populations of Mammals Revisited

Vujošević

Rajičić

Blagojević

2018

Genes

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The study of B chromosomes (Bs) started more than a century ago, while their presence in mammals dates since 1965. As the past two decades have seen huge progress in application of molecular techniques, we decided to throw a glance on new data on Bs in mammals and to review them. We listed 85 mammals with Bs that make 1.94% of karyotypically studied species. Contrary to general view, a typical B chromosome in mammals appears both as sub- or metacentric that is the same size as small chromosomes of standard complement. Both karyotypically stable and unstable species possess Bs. The presence of Bs in certain species influences the cell division, the degree of recombination, the development, a number of quantitative characteristics, the host-parasite interactions and their behaviour. There is at least some data on molecular structure of Bs recorded in nearly a quarter of species. Nevertheless, a more detailed molecular composition of Bs presently known for six mammalian species, confirms the presence of protein coding genes, and the transcriptional activity for some of them. Therefore, the idea that Bs are inert is outdated, but the role of Bs is yet to be determined. The maintenance of Bs is obviously not the same for all species, so the current models must be adapted while bearing in mind that Bs are not inactive as it was once thought.

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B‐chrom: a database on B‐chromosomes of plants, animals and fungi

Cited by 71 publications

References 53 publications

B Chromosomes in Grasshoppers: Different Origins and Pathways to the Modern Bs

B Chromosomes in Grasshoppers: Different Origins and Pathways to the Modern Bs

Sex‐chrom, a database on plant sex chromosomes

B Chromosomes in Populations of Mammals Revisited

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