Avian Influenza (H5N1) Susceptibility and Receptors in Dogs

Maas, Riks; Tacken, Mirriam; Ruuls, Lisette; Koch, G.; Rooij, Eugene van; Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Norbert

doi:10.3201/eid1308.070393

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Serological studies 11,[15][16][17]21,23 of influenza A exposure in dogs have been conducted by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and/or hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay as screening and confirmatory tests, respectively. The sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of these assays under unknown field conditions have not been reported for canine sera.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diagnostic Algorithm for Detection of Antibodies to Influenza A Viruses in Dogs in Italy (2006–2008)

Benedictis

Anderson²,

Pérez

et al. 2010

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. Since 2004, there have been several reports of Influenza A virus (FLUAV) infection in dogs. Dogs have been infected with equine influenza H3N8, avian influenza H3N2 and H5N1, and the pandemic H1N1 virus. Because of recent avian and equine influenza outbreaks in Italy, the objectives of the present study were to estimate the level of exposure of Italian dogs to influenza A viruses and to assess a diagnostic algorithm for detection of FLUAV exposure in dogs. Sera collected from 6,858 dogs from 2006 to 2008 were screened in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies to the highly conserved influenza A nucleoprotein. Samples positive in the cELISA were confirmed by testing in hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and fluorescent antibody test (FAT). Two seropositive dogs had antibodies to H3 hemagglutinin proteins, consistent with exposure to recent canine and equine subtype H3N8 viruses. Using a Bayesian model, the sensitivity and specificity of the cELISA were estimated as 93.98% (probability intervals [PI]: 81.67-99.08%) and 98.71% (PI: 98.43-98.96%), respectively. After accounting for the imperfect sensitivity and specificity of the cELISA, the Bayesian posterior prevalence of FLUAV exposure among tested Italian dogs was 0.5% (PI: 0.1-1.4%). The study results indicate that screening with a cELISA for influenza A nucleoprotein antibody, followed by confirmatory testing with HI and/or FAT, is a highly sensitive and highly specific approach for diagnosing FLUAV exposure in dogs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diagnostic Algorithm for Detection of Antibodies to Influenza A Viruses in Dogs in Italy (2006–2008)

Benedictis

Anderson²,

Pérez

et al. 2010

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…BJ94-like GD/V H9N2 virus is avian-origin influenza and the H9N2 virus can robustly stimulate Type I and Type III interferon (IFN) expression (Sutejo et al, 2012), which may relate to the mild effect in inoculated beagles. For virus, the distinct characterization of the different H9N2 strains could cause the varying replication in dogs, as seen in previous studies on H5N1in dogs (Chen et al, 2010;Giese et al, 2008;Maas et al, 2007). Influenza A virus has a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase constituted from PA (polymerase acidic), PB1 (polymerase basic 1) and PB2 (polymerase basic 2) subunits and assembled with nucleoproteins (NP) and a viral RNA (vRNA), forming a viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex in the host nucleus (Neumann et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Beagle dogs have low susceptibility to BJ94-like H9N2 avian influenza virus

Zhou

Wang

San

et al. 2015

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…However, recent studies have reported that infection and transmission efficiency of H5N1 viruses in dogs are low, and heavy exposure is required for H5N1 viruses to establish canine infection. 8,19 In contrast, the equine-derived H3N8 virus is efficiently transmitted to dogs. Since 2004, many states in the USA have reported canine influenza cases, although these outbreaks are usually sporadic and self-limiting.…”

Section: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging and Reemerging Influenza Virus Infections

2010

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Influenza A virus infection occurs in many species. Wild waterfowl harbor the widest variety of influenza A viruses and serve as a constant reservoir for the emergence of new viruses. Highly pathogenic avian influenza, or ''fowl plague,'' has been a known poultry disease for more than 130 years. It continues to emerge and reemerge, but global changes in trade and poultry production have expanded the impact and geographic range of these outbreaks. One subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza, H5N1, has infected poultry on several continents as well as many people, leading to a human disease that is markedly different from seasonal influenza and that is associated with high mortality.

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Avian Influenza (H5N1) Susceptibility and Receptors in Dogs

Cited by 61 publications

References 6 publications

A Diagnostic Algorithm for Detection of Antibodies to Influenza A Viruses in Dogs in Italy (2006–2008)

A Diagnostic Algorithm for Detection of Antibodies to Influenza A Viruses in Dogs in Italy (2006–2008)

Beagle dogs have low susceptibility to BJ94-like H9N2 avian influenza virus

Emerging and Reemerging Influenza Virus Infections

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