Avaliação de respostas metabólicas do tambaqui exposto ao eugenol em banhos anestésicos

Abstract

ResumoO tambaqui é a principal espécie de peixe cultivado na Amazônia Ocidental. Porém durante o processo produtivo, práticas de manejo são necessárias para o monitoramento do crescimento e estado geral da sanidade dos animais. Para isso os animais devem ser anestesiados para maior segurança no trabalho. O eugenol, componente majoritário do óleo de cravo, tem sido bastante utilizado como anestésico alternativo para peixes por ser um produto natural e de baixo custo. Entretanto, estudos tratando de respostas metabólicas em peixes tropicais expostos a diferentes anestésicos são ainda necessários. Dentro desse intuito, o presente trabalho avaliou respostas metabólicas, detectadas por meio de alterações de parâmetros sanguíneos e plasmáticos do tambaqui, exposto ao eugenol em banhos anestésicos simulados. Respostas típicas ao estresse foram detectadas devido ao manuseio imposto aos peixes durante a realização dos banhos anestésicos. O eugenol não reduziu totalmente essas reações ao estresse. Por outro lado, esse anestésico não provocou estresse adicional em exposições curtas de 15 min em concentrações próximas a 20 mg L -1 . PalavRas-Chave: Colossoma macropomum, respostas fisiológicas, hematologia. Evaluation of tambaqui metabolic responses to eugenol in anesthetics bathsabstRaCt Tambaqui is the main farmed fish in the Western Amazon. However, in handling this fish has to be anesthetized for safety purposes, usually when evaluating growth and health conditions. Eugenol, the main component of clove oil, has been reported as an alternative fish anesthetic, because it is an inexpensive natural product. However, continued studies are necessary about the metabolic responses of tropical fish to anesthetics. The present work evaluated metabolic responses of tambaqui to eugenol in simulated anesthetic baths, measuring blood and plasma parameters. Typical metabolic stress responses to handling were detected, but they were not totally reduced by eugenol. On the other hand, the anesthetic dissolved in water did not provoke any extra charge of stress during short-term exposures in concentrations of about 20mg L -1 for 15 min.

Effects of different stunning methods on blood markers and enzymatic activity of stress responses of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Plasma ammonia concentration provides insights on protein metabolism, which can also be altered by cortisol, which stimulates proteolysis and transaminations, and consequently increasing plasma levels of this metabolite (Inoue et al 2011). The data obtained in the first experiment show that the electronarcosis parameters tested (T1 and T2) and eugenol (TE) provoked an increase in the plasma ammonia concentration of O. niloticus when compared to the treatment with benzocaine (TB).…”

The efficacy of clove oil as an anaesthetic and in euthanasia procedure for small-sized tropical fishes

“…However, the survival rates of fish decreased sharply at higher concentrations (Soto and Burhanuddin, 1995;Munday and Wilson, 1997;Iversen et al, 2003;Hisano et al, 2008;Inoue et al, 2011;Javahery et al, 2012), which was observed in part of the replicates of the D2 and all of the D3 treatments. Thus, the use of a 0.05 mL (or less) dose of clove oil (per 500 mL of water) as an anaesthetic should be recommended for mark-recapture and population monitoring studies (Ouedraogo et al, 2014).…”

“…The active ingredients are eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) and iso-eugenol (4-propenyl-2-methoxyphenol) (Keene et al, 1998;Prince and Powell, 2000). It has been used as fish anaesthetics in the aquaculture industry and has shown to have low intoxication and mortality risks (Soto and Burhanuddin, 1995;Griffiths, 2000;Inoue et al, 2011). Moreover, the use of this anesthetic is advantageous because it is relatively inexpensive, efficacious, cost effectiveness, safe and does not present risks for users or to the environment (Soto and Burhanuddin, 1995;Munday and Wilson, 1997;Guénette et al, 2007;Hisano et al, 2008;Lucena et al, 2013;Öğretmen et al, 2014).…”

Evaluation of eugenol toxicity in bioassays with test-organisms

“…(KELECOM et al, 2002;INOUE & MORAES, 2007;SIMÕES et al, 2010;SIMÕES et al, 2012;SOUZA et al, 2015). Fish anesthesia, is also used to provide greater safety to workers and technicians when handling fish (BARBOSA et al, 2007;INOUE et al, 2011).…”