Autopercepção das dificuldades de aprendizagem de estudantes do ensino fundamental

Abstract

Purpose:To verify the self-perception of reading and writing difficulties of elementary school students from region of high social risk and elevated health vulnerability index, as well as the perception of their parents about these difficulties. Methods: sixty-five students (from both genders), from the 4 th to the 7 th years of elementary school, and those responsible for them participated in the survey. Two questionnaires, one for students and another for the ones responsible for them, were used, with questions about reading and writing difficulties. It was used the School Performance Test (Teste de Desempenho Escolar -TDE, with reading and writing tests). Results: Of the students assessed, 2/3 had a positive self-perception of their performance in reading and writing and their parents appeared to realize the difficulties more sharply than their children. There was relationship between student self-perception and lower performance in reading and writing tests, which was also verified in relation to the perception of the parents. Conclusion: Less students presented negative self-perception of their performance in reading and writing when it is compared to the perception of the parents. Those children with better performance perceive themselves better and so do their parents. However, reading and writing tests revealed a higher percentage of students with lower performances than the self-perception indicated. In this sense, especially in areas of high social risk as in this study, educators and professionals involved in the teaching-learning process should be alert to signs of difficulties, even before complaints from the family and from the children. Keywords: Self concept; Self efficacy; Language; Learning; Family; Child; Speech, language and hearing sciences RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a autopercepção das dificuldades de leitura e escrita de estudantes do ensino fundamental de uma região de alto risco social e elevado índice de vulnerabilidade à saúde, bem como a percepção de seus pais sobre essas dificuldades. Métodos: Participaram 65 alunos (ambos os gêneros), do 4º ao 7º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal e seus responsáveis. Foram utilizados dois questionários, um para os estudantes e outro para seus responsáveis, com perguntas sobre dificuldades na leitura e na escrita. Utilizou-se também o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) (provas de leitura e escrita). Resultados: Dos estudantes avaliados, 2/3 apresentaram autopercepção positiva do seu desempenho em leitura e escrita e seus pais aparentaram perceber as dificuldades de forma mais acentuada do que seus filhos. Observou-se relação entre autopercepção do estudante e desempenho inferior nos testes de leitura e escrita, o que também foi verificado em relação à percepção dos pais. Conclusão: Menos estudantes apresentaram autopercepção negativa do seu desempenho em leitura e escrita, quando comparado à percepção dos pais. Aquelas crianças com melhor desempenho percebem-se melhor e seus pais também. No entanto, os testes de leitura e escr...

Reading Comprehension and Self-Perceived School Performance in Elementary School

“…The indices obtained in the study by Moreira et al (2016), with 65 students from 4th to 7th years, indicated that students have a less negative perception than that of their parents about their school performance. The authors stressed the need to work on the self-perception of students from the early years of elementary school, as this perception can significantly contribute to the improvement in academic performance.…”

“…We designated keywords and description words representing the subject investigated in this study, namely: "perceived school performance", "perception of school performance," "self-perception of school/academic performance," "self-perceived school performance" and other derivatives which expressed the subject studied. It should be clarified that we only selected studies that investigated the said subject with the participation of elementary school students (Ferreira et al, 2011;Lira & Enricone, 2011;Zunino et al, 2012;Godoy et al, 2013;Osti & Brenelli, 2013;Moreira, Martins-Reis & Santos, 2016).…”

Comunicação de más notícias: autopercepção de estudantes de medicina

“…Sabe-se que a percepção do estudante influencia sua capacidade de comunicação. Diversos estudos consideram a crença do indivíduo em relação à sua capacidade para lidar com determinadas situações -chamada de autopercepção -como preditora e influenciadora do desenvolvimento acadêmico, bem como do desempenho dos estudantes [20][21][22][23][24] .…”

Desempenho escolar e comportamentos sociais em adolescentes

“…Learning is a product of multiple determinants (2) and may happen due to the influence of several directly or indirectly related factors. The literature shows poor academic performance as a consequence of multiple personal, family, emotional, educational and social etiologies (3) , justifying the student's failure. Literature points out the following main factors: motivation to learn; learning environment; teachers' characteristics; family environment's resources; students' abilities to deal with challenges, and factors related to socioeconomic variables and the socio-cultural environment (4) .…”

“…At the same time, students in a situation of social vulnerability tend to have an academic performance lower than the correspondent to the school year they attend (8) . Thus, it can be said that the socioeconomic level of families has a significant interference in the self-concept and academic performance of children and adolescents (3) and that the increase in investments in education has a direct association with the improvement of educational coverage (9) . Therefore, it may be deducted that the differences related to social skills and socio-demographic variables, gender and socioeconomic level are closely associated with low levels of school performance.…”