Autochthonous Cryptosporidium cuniculus infection in Spain: First report in a symptomatic paediatric patient from Madrid

Martínez-Ruiz, Rocío; Lucio, Aida de; Fuentes, Isabel; Carmena, David

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2015.11.012

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It was even considered to be the third most common Cryptosporidium species in clinical patients with cryptosporidiosis during the 2007–2008 period in the UK [10], including a waterborne outbreak of human cryptosporidiosis caused by C. cuniculus from a wild rabbit entering a treated tank [9]. In fact, some sporadic human cases have been reported in Nigeria, Australia, France, and Spain [3, 22, 32, 34]. Currently, natural infection of C. cuniculus has only been reported in rabbits and humans, as well as a kangaroo [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtyping ofCryptosporidium cuniculusand genotyping ofEnterocytozoon bieneusiin rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China

et al. 2016

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Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are two prevalent opportunistic pathogens in humans and animals. Currently, few data are available on genetic characterization of both pathogens in rabbits in China. The aim of the present study was to understand prevalence and genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in rabbits. We collected 215 fecal samples from 150 Rex rabbits and 65 New Zealand White rabbits on two different farms in Heilongjiang Province, China. Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing the partial small subunit of ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected in 3.3% (5/150) of Rex rabbits and 29.2% (19/65) of New Zealand White rabbits. All the 24 Cryptosporidium isolates were identified as C. cuniculus. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was only found in 14.7% (22/150) of Rex rabbits. Five known genotypes: CHN-RD1 (n = 12), D (n = 3), Type IV (n = 2), Peru6 (n = 1), and I (n = 1), and three novel ones CHN-RR1 to CHN-RR3 (one each) were detected. By analyzing the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene sequences of C. cuniculus isolates, three subtypes were obtained: VbA28 (n = 2), VbA29 (n = 16), and VbA32 (n = 3). All these three C. cuniculus subtypes were reported previously in humans. Four known E. bieneusi genotypes have been found to be present in humans. The three novel ones fell into zoonotic group 1. The results suggest zoonotic potential of C. cuniculus and E. bieneusi isolates in rabbits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtyping ofCryptosporidium cuniculusand genotyping ofEnterocytozoon bieneusiin rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies in human populations have shown that Cryptosporidium transmission is mostly anthroponotic in Spain, with the predominance of C. hominis over C. parvum and the occasional description of other species such as C. meleagridis, C. felis, C. ubiquitum or C. cuniculus (Cieloszyk et al, 2012;de Lucio et al, 2016;Segura et al, 2015;Martínez-Ruiz et al, 2016). A similar conclusion was reported in two studies conducted in this geographical area, where more than 63% and 93% of isolates were identified as C. hominis, respectively, although C. parvum was more common than C.…”

Section: Previous Studies In Europe and Other Regions Have Highlightementioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in urban wastewater treatment plants in north-eastern Spain

Ramo

Cacho

Sánchez-Acedo

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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This study was designed to investigate the presence and removal efficiency of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wastewater treatment plants at the 20 most populated towns in Aragón (north-eastern Spain). Samples of influent and effluent wastewater and dewatered sewage sludge were collected seasonally from 23 plants and processed according to USEPA Method 1623. All samples from raw and treated wastewater tested positive for Giardia, at an average concentration of 3247±2039cysts/l and 50±28cysts/l, respectively. Cryptosporidium was identified in most samples from both raw (85/92) and treated (78/92) wastewaters in a concentration significantly lower than Giardia, at both influent (96±105oocysts/l) and effluent samples (31±70oocysts/l) (P<0.001). The (oo)cyst counts peaked in summer in most plants. The removal efficiency was higher for Giardia (1.06-log to 2.34-log) than Cryptosporidium (0.35-log to 1.8-log). Overall, high removal efficiency values were found for Giardia after secondary treatment based on activated sludge, while tertiary treatment (microfiltration, chlorination and/or ultraviolet irradiation) was needed to achieve the greatest removal or inactivation of Cryptosporidium. Most samples of treated sludge were positive for Giardia (92/92) and Cryptosporidium (45/92), at an average concentration of 20-593cysts/g and 2-44oocyst/g, respectively. The molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were attempted at the SSU rRNA/GP60 and bg/tpi loci, respectively. G. duodenalis sub-assemblage AII was identified in all plants, with a large proportion of samples (15/47) harboring mixed assemblages (AII+B). Nine Cryptosporidium species and six subtypes were identified, with C. parvum IIaA15G2R1 being the most prevalent. The presence of significant numbers of (oo)cysts in samples of final effluents and treated sludge reveals the limited efficacy of conventional treatments in removing (oo)cysts and highlights the potential environmental impact and public health risks associated with disposal and reclamation of wastewater.

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“…are protozoan parasites that can cause significant gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals [1]. Currently, the majority of reported cases of human cryptosporidiosis are caused by several Cryptosporidium species, including C. hominis, C. parvum, C. meleagridis, C. felis, C. canis, C. cuniculus, and C. ubiquitum [2][3][4][5]. Among them, C. felis was initially reported in domestic cats from Japan in 1979 and proposed as a new species based on host occurrence and oocyst morphology, which was later supported by genetic characterizations of isolates [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtype distribution of zoonotic pathogen Cryptosporidium felis in humans and animals in several countries

Jiang

Roellig

Lebbad

et al. 2020

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Autochthonous Cryptosporidium cuniculus infection in Spain: First report in a symptomatic paediatric patient from Madrid

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Subtyping ofCryptosporidium cuniculusand genotyping ofEnterocytozoon bieneusiin rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China

Subtyping ofCryptosporidium cuniculusand genotyping ofEnterocytozoon bieneusiin rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China

Occurrence and genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in urban wastewater treatment plants in north-eastern Spain

Subtype distribution of zoonotic pathogen Cryptosporidium felis in humans and animals in several countries

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