Attributing mean circulation patterns to physical phenomena in the Gulf of Finland

Westerlund, Antti; Tuomi, Laura; Alenius, Pekka; Miettunen, Elina; Vankevich, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2017.05.003

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Nemo-Nordic is also the ocean component of an RCA4-NEMO coupled model which is the basis of a regional climate model used in several studies (Wang et al, 2015; 530 Pätsch et al, 2017). Finally, Nemo-Nordic has also been used as a boundary condition for high-resolution sub-basin scale setups (Westerlund et al, 2017).…”

Section: Page 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications

Hordoir¹,

Axell²,

Höglund³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. We present Nemo-Nordic, a Baltic & North Sea model based on the NEMO ocean engine. Surrounded by highly industrialised countries, the Baltic and North seas, and their assets associated with shipping, fishing and tourism; are vulnerable to anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Ocean models providing reliable forecasts, and enabling climatic studies, are important tools for the shipping infrastructure and to get a better understanding of effects of climate change on the marine ecosystems. Nemo-Nordic is intended to come as a tool for both short term and long term simulations, and to be used for ocean forecasting as well as process and climatic studies. Here, the scientific and technical choices within Nemo-Nordic are introduced, and the reasons behind the design of the model and its domain, and the inclusions of the two seas, are explained. The model's ability to represent barotropic and baroclinic dynamics, as well as the vertical structure of the water column, is presented. Biases are shown and discussed. The short term capabilities of the model are presented, and especially its capabilities to represent sea level on an hourly timescale with a high degree of accuracy. We also show that the model can represent longer time scale, with a focus on the Major Baltic Inflows and the variability of deep water salinity in the Baltic Sea.

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Section: Page 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications

Hordoir¹,

Axell²,

Höglund³

et al. 2018

Preprint

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…We ran the model for the year 2014. This set-up was documented and validated for mixing in Westerlund and Tuomi (2016) and for the currents in Westerlund et al (2018) and is based on the NEMO Nordic configuration by Hordoir et al (2013Hordoir et al ( , 2015. The vertical resolution of this set-up starts from 3 m on the surface, and increases with depth.…”

Section: Hydrodynamic Model Configuration Used For Error Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Currents From Argo Trajectories in the Bothnian Sea, Baltic Sea

et al. 2018

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Argo floats have been used in the environmental monitoring of the very shallow Bothnian Sea, a sub-basin of the Baltic Sea, for 5 years as part of the Finnish Euro-Argo programme. The Bothnian Sea is so far considered to be an environmentally healthy part of the Baltic Sea because the deep waters of the basin are well-ventilated by inflowing oxygen-rich saltier and heavier surface layer waters of the Baltic Sea proper. Thus the deep water flow is of interest in the Bothnian Sea. In this study, we used Argo float data from six different long-term missions, from 111 to 512 days, to analyze the deep-water flow in the Bothnian Sea where no continuous monitoring of currents exist. We estimated mainly the flow below the expected halocline from the paths of the floats. We analyzed the movements statistically and estimated the error caused by the surface drift of the floats during their stay at the surface by using 3D hydrodynamic model results as reference data. Our results show a northward flowing resultant current in the deep trench of the Bothnian Sea. There seemed to be very little exchange between coastal zone and open-sea waters in deeper layers. The drifting speed of the floats in the deep layers of Bothnian Sea generally was around 2 cm/s but instantaneous speeds of up to 30 cm/s in the middle-layer (50 dbars) were observed. In the Bothnian Sea deep, the deep trench on the Finnish side of the Bothnian Sea, the vast majority of the observations showed deep currents from south to north, with the same average speed of around 2 cm/s but the instantaneous maximum was smaller at 13 cm/s. Our study indicates that the routine Argo float observations can be used to get information on the deep currents in the basin in addition to hydrographic observations.

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“…Eutrophication and anoxia can have severe impacts on the ecosystem. The cod, for example, which is a economically important fish species (Köster et al, 2003;Wieland et al, 1994), suffers from the effect of anoxic deep waters as its eggs are found in the Baltic Sea deep waters. Further, although all underlying mechanisms are still not clear, increases in cyanobacteria blooms are often related to eutrophication (Vahtera et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: a NEMO-based ocean model for the Baltic and North seas – research and operational applications

et al. 2019

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Abstract. We present Nemo-Nordic, a Baltic and North Sea model based on the NEMO ocean engine. Surrounded by highly industrialized countries, the Baltic and North seas and their assets associated with shipping, fishing and tourism are vulnerable to anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Ocean models providing reliable forecasts and enabling climatic studies are important tools for the shipping infrastructure and to get a better understanding of the effects of climate change on the marine ecosystems. Nemo-Nordic is intended to be a tool for both short-term and long-term simulations and to be used for ocean forecasting as well as process and climatic studies. Here, the scientific and technical choices within Nemo-Nordic are introduced, and the reasons behind the design of the model and its domain and the inclusion of the two seas are explained. The model's ability to represent barotropic and baroclinic dynamics, as well as the vertical structure of the water column, is presented. Biases are shown and discussed. The short-term capabilities of the model are presented, especially its capabilities to represent sea level on an hourly timescale with a high degree of accuracy. We also show that the model can represent longer timescales, with a focus on the major Baltic inflows and the variability in deep-water salinity in the Baltic Sea.

show abstract

Attributing mean circulation patterns to physical phenomena in the Gulf of Finland

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications

Estimating Currents From Argo Trajectories in the Bothnian Sea, Baltic Sea

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: a NEMO-based ocean model for the Baltic and North seas – research and operational applications

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Attributing mean circulation patterns to physical phenomena in the Gulf of Finland

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic &amp; North Seas, research and operational applications

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic &amp; North Seas, research and operational applications

Estimating Currents From Argo Trajectories in the Bothnian Sea, Baltic Sea

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: a NEMO-based ocean model for the Baltic and North seas – research and operational applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications

Nemo-Nordic 1.0: A NEMO based ocean model for Baltic & North Seas, research and operational applications