Attenuation of carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and plasma TNF-α level by Philippine stingless bee (<i>Tetragonula biroi</i> Friese) propolis

Abstract

Despite decades-long existence of the Philippine stingless bee industry, the biological activity of propolis from this native bee species (Tetragonula biroi Friese) remains poorly understood and sparingly investigated. Herein, we examined the potential anti-inflammatory efficacy of Philippine stingless bee propolis using the lambda (λ)-carrageenan-induced mice model of hind paw edema. Thirty (30), sixweek-old, male ICR mice were randomly assigned into three treatment groups (n=10/group) as follows: distilled water group, diclofenac sodium group (10 mg/kg), and propolis group (100mg/kg). All treatment were administered an hour prior to the injection of the phlogistic agent. As observed at 3 hours post-injection, λ-carrageenan remarkably evoked the classical signs of hind paw edema exemplified grossly by swelling and hyperemia. The ameliorative effect of propolis became apparent at the onset of 6 hours post-injection with a statistically significant finding evident at the 24hour period. This gross attenuation histologically correlated to a considerable and specific reduction of the dermal edema, which mirrored those of the diclofenac sodium group. Furthermore, both propolis and diclofenac sodium significantly attenuated the λ-carrageenan-induced increase in the protein expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α depicting more than twofold decrement relative to the distilled water group. Altogether, these suggest that Philippine stingless bee propolis also exhibited a promising in vivo anti-inflammatory property, which can be partly mediated through the inhibition of TNF-α.

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles Associated with Diclofenac Sodium in Experimental Acute Inflammation

“…It participates in leukocyte adhesion to the epithelium by expressing adhesion molecules, vasodilatation, and edema formation [ 23 ]. In carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema, TNF-α promoted collateral cytotoxicity by acting as a stimulator of prostaglandin synthesis, an activator of the NF-κB signal transduction pathway, as NO formation inducer, and a stimulator of neutrophil migration [ 24 ].…”

Zingiber officinale Root Capsule Extract Synergistically Enhance the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Diclofenac Sodium in Experimental Acute Inflammation

“…TNF-α has been intrinsically linked with both phases of the edematogenic response in acute inflammation [22]. It is an inflammatory cytokine in acute inflammation, which is produced by macrophages/monocytes [23,24].…”

“…By expressing adhesion molecules, TNF-α participates in leukocyte adhesion to the epithelium, vasodilatation, and edema formation [25]. This pro-inflammatory cytokine has also been shown to promote collateral cytotoxicity in carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema by acting as an inducer of NO formation, a stimulator of prostaglandin, and an activator of the NF-κB signal transduction pathway [22].…”