Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Curcumin Nanoparticles Associated with Diclofenac Sodium in Experimental Acute Inflammation

Abstract

The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of conventional curcumin (cC) and curcumin nanoparticles (nC) associated with diclofenac sodium (D) in experimental acute inflammation (AI) induced by carrageenan administration. Seven groups of eight randomly selected Wistar-Bratislava white rats were evaluated. One group was the control (C), and AI was induced in the other six groups. The AI group was treated with saline solution, the AID group was treated with D, the AIcC200 and AInC200 groups were treated with cC and nC, respectively, while AIcC200D and AInC200D were treated with cC and nC, respectively, both associated with D. Conventional curcumin, nC, and D were administered in a single dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. for cC and nC and 5 mg/kg b.w. for D. Association of cC or nC to D resulted in significant antinociceptive activity, and improved mechanical pressure stimulation and heat thresholds at 3, 5, 7 and 24 h (p < 0.03). The association of cC and nC with D (AIcC200D and AInC200D groups) showed significantly lower plasma and tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) up to 2.5 times, with the best results in the group who received nC. Moreover, AInC200D presented the least severe histopathological changes with a reduced level of inflammation in the dermis and hypodermis. The combination of nC to D showed efficiency in reducing pain, inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes in acute inflammation.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Root Capsules Enhance Analgesic and Antioxidant Efficacy of Diclofenac Sodium in Experimental Acute Inflammation

“…Our results show that GRCE administration was observed to provide a slight thermoanalgesic effect compared to D. Better results were observed after the combination of GRCE with D ( Table 6 , Figure 5 ). Diclofenac is an NSAID, so it has analgesic effects proved by the elevation of time to paw withdrawal to thermal stimuli, a behavior observed as well as in previous studies [ 54 , 55 ]. Zingiber officinale dried rhizomes ethanol extract produced dose-related, significant analgesic effects against thermally induced nociceptive pain of the rat hind paw, in the fresh egg albumin-induced AI [ 17 ].…”

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles modulates lipopolysaccharide‐induced lung inflammation in Wistar rats

“…4 The progression of lung injury can lead to the condition of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is characterized by chronic, irreversible, progressive and usually lethal lung disease, which makes it a major public health problem. 33 Thus, alternatives such as the use of nanoparticles obtained from green synthesis represent an economical treatment, with low toxicity and with promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 34 Green synthesis has been gaining ground recently in the field of nanobiotechnology due to the ability of biomolecules present in plants to be easily synthesized, having good bioavailability, stability and the possibility of being used on a large scale.…”

“…As a result, it represents a life‐threatening condition with a high mortality rate 4 . The progression of lung injury can lead to the condition of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is characterized by chronic, irreversible, progressive and usually lethal lung disease, which makes it a major public health problem 33 . Thus, alternatives such as the use of nanoparticles obtained from green synthesis represent an economical treatment, with low toxicity and with promising anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects 34 …”

Gallic Acid-Modified Polyethylenimine–Polypropylene Carbonate–Polyethylenimine Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anti-Periodontitis Evaluation

“…Nanoparticles loaded with drugs are at the forefront of research to enable anti-inflammatory strategies. − Polyethylenimine (PEI) is a hydrophilic polymer characterized by a linear or branched structure . Due to its self-assembly behavior, PEI demonstrates significant potential for nanoparticle formation with various hydrophobic polymers, including poly­(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly­(ε-caprolactone)-pluronic-poly­(ε-caprolactone) (PCFC), poly­(caprolactone) (PCL), and poly­(lactic acid) (PDL), and can even be combined with hydrophilic poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to form more complex nanoparticles. − PEI is extensively utilized in the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers with hydrophobic polymers, leading to the formation of nanoparticles.…”