Attempts to Displace the Indigenous Antibiotic Resistant Gut Flora of Chicken by Feeding Sensitive Strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Prior to Slaughter

Linton, A. H.; Howe, Katherine; Richmond, M. H.; Clements, Helen M.; Osborne, A. D.; Handley, B.A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1978.tb04219.x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Salmonella strains were shown to inhibit colonization by other Salmonella strains to varying degrees (Barrow et al., 1987). Similar activity was observed between strains of other genera like Escherichia coli (Linton et al., 1978), Citrobacter spp. (Barrow et al., 1987) or Campylobacter (Barrow and Page, 2000), although these genera had no effect on Salmonella organisms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Exploitation of Intestinal Colonization‐Inhibition Between Salmonella Organisms for Live Vaccines in Poultry – Potential and Limitations

Methner

Haase

Berndt

et al. 2011

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Immunization represents one of the most important methods to increase the resistance of chickens against Salmonella infection. In addition to the development of an adaptive immune response, oral administration of live Salmonella strains to day-old chicks provides protection against infection within hours by intestinal colonization-inhibition. For the exploitation of this phenomenon, practical information on colonization-inhibition between Salmonella organisms is needed. Colonization-inhibition capacity between Salmonella strains from serogroups B, C1, C2, D and G was assessed in chickens. The most profound level of intestinal colonization-inhibition occurred between isogenic strains. Inhibition between strains of the same serovar was greater than that between strains of different serovars. The degree of inhibition between different serovars was not sufficiently high to identify a single strain which might inhibit a wide range of other Salmonella organisms. However, as Salmonella Enteritidis is the dominant serovar in poultry in many countries and because of the profound colonization-inhibition within this serovar there is a considerable potential to exploit this phenomenon in the development of novel live S. Enteritidis vaccines. Treatment of young chicks with mixtures of different Salmonella serovars resulted not only in a very strong growth inhibition of the isogenic strains but also in a substantial inhibition of heterologous serovars. The potential of mixtures of heterologous Salmonella strains as a 'Salmonella Inhibition Culture' and as a 'live Salmonella vaccine' should be further explored.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Exploitation of Intestinal Colonization‐Inhibition Between Salmonella Organisms for Live Vaccines in Poultry – Potential and Limitations

Methner

Haase

Berndt

et al. 2011

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…A previous study has observed inhibition between strains of E. coli in chickens (Linton et al 1978). They demonstrated partial displacement of antibiotic resistant strains of E. coli from the chicken alimentary tract by oral inoculation of large numbers of antibiotic sensitive E. coli strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Since E. coli is one of the first organisms to establish itself, sometimes in very large numbers, in the chicken alimentary tract after hatching (Smith, 1965;Coloe, Bagust & Ireland, 1984) it is possible that already established indigenous strains might interfere in inhibition studies using E. coli. This may also account for the only partial inhibition obtained in older chickens by Linton et al (1978). In contrast, that Citrobacter might be expected to be isolated infrequently and salmonella never from specific pathogen-free chickens might explain the much higher level of inhibition obtained with these organisms than that obtained with E. coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Inhibition of colonization of the chicken alimentary tract with Salmonella typhimurium gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria

Barrow¹,

Tucker²,

Simpson³

1987

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Oral administration of strains of food poisoning salmonellas to day-old chickens produced a profound inhibition in the subsequent colonization of the caeca by a strain of Salmonella typhimurium given one day later. Closely related genera were unable to produce a similar inhibition. The inhibition was not the result of bacteriophages produced by the first strain. Neither was it the result of an immunological response by the host induced by the first strain. In additional experiments in day-old chickens, inhibition of an Escherichia coli Nalr strain and of a Citrobacter sp. Nalr strain was produced by the antibiotic-sensitive forms of the homologous strains while strains from other genera did not produce any inhibition. When an avirulent mutant of S. typhimurium was used for pre-treatment a statistically significant reduction in the excretion of the super-infecting S. typhimurium Nalr strain over several weeks was produced. A genus specific inhibition was reproduced in vitro by mixed culture experiments. Live cultures were necessary for in vitro inhibition. Killed cells or a culture supernatant produced no inhibition.

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“…The differences in excretion rates were statistically significant during the 2 weeks that the pre-treated chickens were excreting F98 Nalr. DISCUSSION Inhibition of colonization between similar micro-organisms has not only been demonstrated with salmonella and Escherichia coli in chickens [15,22] but also with E. coli in gnotobiotic mice and new born infants [23,24] and between enterotoxigenic E. coli in pigs [25]. This approach has also been used to reduce colonization by skin staphylococci [26][27][28], ax-haemolytic streptococci [29] and Clostridium difficile [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further studies on the inhibition of colonization of the chicken alimentary tract withSalmonella typhimuriumby pre–colonization with an avirulent mutant

Berchieri¹,

Barrow²

1990

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYOral administration to newly hatched chickens or to chicks up to 5 days of age with an avirulent, rough, spectinomycin-resistant mutant of Salmonella typhimurium strain F98 inhibited the colonization of a nalidixic acid-resistant mutant of the same strain administered by the same route 1 day later. The second strain passed rapidly through the alimentary tract and persisted in the caeca of only a few chickens. Resistance to colonization did not develop until 24 h after inoculation of the first strain but was still evident if the second strain was inoculated up to 7 days later. Resistance occurred in 5 different breeds of chicken and in chickens reared on 5 different diets. Protection was evident against a very high challenge dose and could be produced by the introduction of small numbers of the first strain. Pre-colonization of chicks with the first strain of F98 reduced faecal excretion of the second strain over many weeks, whether chickens were challenged directly or by contact with other infected chickens. The rough strain F98 produced protection against only a few S. typhimurium strains and not against other serotypes. However, strains of S. infantis and S. heidelberg, chosen because they colonized the chicken alimentary tract better than did F98, produced inhibition of a wider range of serotypes.

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Attempts to Displace the Indigenous Antibiotic Resistant Gut Flora of Chicken by Feeding Sensitive Strains of Escherichia coli Prior to Slaughter

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Exploitation of Intestinal Colonization‐Inhibition Between Salmonella Organisms for Live Vaccines in Poultry – Potential and Limitations

Exploitation of Intestinal Colonization‐Inhibition Between Salmonella Organisms for Live Vaccines in Poultry – Potential and Limitations

Inhibition of colonization of the chicken alimentary tract with Salmonella typhimurium gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria

Further studies on the inhibition of colonization of the chicken alimentary tract withSalmonella typhimuriumby pre–colonization with an avirulent mutant

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