Attempts to Control Whirling Disease by Continuous Drug Feeding

Taylor, Robert E. L.; Coli, Sebastian J.; Junell, Donald R.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-9.4.302

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…All fish, namely amprolium (Awakura & Kurahashi 1967, nitroimidazoles except metronidazole were effective Taylor et al 1973, Herwig et al 1979 Benznidazole 5…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. I:Hexamita salmonis

Jl¹,

Mt²

1998

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Various drugs were evaluated as regards efficacy for the treatment of Hexamita s a h o n i s infection in rainbow trout. The results confirm the efficacy of nitroimidazoles: infection was completely eradicated not only by metronidazole (which has been recommended previously for the treatment of hexamtosis), but also by benznidazole, ronidazole and secnidazole, which have not been assayed previously. The non-nitroimidazoles albendazole, amnosidine, hethylcarbamazine and nitroscanate also completely eliminated infection. The remaining non-nitroin~idazoles tested (amproliun~, bithionol, febantel, flubendazole, levamisole, netobimin, niclosamide, nitroxynil, oxibendazole, parbendazole, piperazine, praziquentel, tetramisole, thiophanate, toltrazuril, trichlorfon and triclabendazole) were not effective KEY WORDS. Hexamitosis . Ranbow trout. Treatment Drugs

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“…All fish, namely amprolium (Awakura & Kurahashi 1967, nitroimidazoles except metronidazole were effective Taylor et al 1973, Herwig et al 1979 Benznidazole 5…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. I:Hexamita salmonis

Jl¹,

Mt²

1998

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Additional eVorts have included improving habitat to reduce oligochaete populations and discovery and selective breeding of M. cerebralis-resistant trout strains for potential restocking. Control of the disease in trout farms continues to rely upon disinfection of intake waters, reducing habitat for oligochaetes by using concrete ponds, slaughter, and disinfection when the parasite is detected (El-Matbouli and HoVman, 1991;HoVman and HoVman, 1972;Taylor et al, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cohabitation of Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta: Tubificidae) populations on infections to Myxobolus cerebralis (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae)

Beauchamp

El-Matbouli²,

Gay

et al. 2006

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…5 In the United States, the first report of whirling disease was in 1958 in Pennsylvania, although M. cerebralis was subsequently found in trout heads from Nevada preserved in 1957. 6,15 In these cases, circumstantial evidence suggested that importations of infected frozen European rainbow trout were responsible for introduction of the disease. 6 Since that time, M. cerebralis has been found in 22 states: Alabama, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, and Wyoming.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myxobolus Cerebralis Infection in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) and Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) Exposed Under Natural Stream Conditions

et al. 2000

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Abstract. From early April into mid-June 1977, sequential groups of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) were each exposed for 10 days to the parasite Myxobolus cerebralis by immersion in a stream inhabited by infected wild trout. Following incubation in a M. cerebralis-free facility, trout were subsequently killed, and heads and gill arches were examined by routine histologic methods. A grading scale to quantify lesion severity was developed and applied. Percentage infected, lesion severity scores, effects of water temperature and flow rates on percentage infected and lesion severity scores, and resulting pathology were determined for each species at each exposure period. The percentage of rainbow trout infected with M. cerebralis was significantly higher than the percentage of brown trout infected for each exposure period. The percentages of rainbow trout infected in exposure periods later in the calendar year were significantly higher than those in earlier periods. The percentages of brown trout infected were not significantly different among exposure periods. Overall average lesion severity scores were significantly higher in rainbow than in brown trout. Lesion severity scores in rainbow trout increased over time (a positive correlation with exposure period). Lesion severity scores were not significantly different for brown trout among exposure periods. A significant correlation existed between water temperature and percentage of rainbow trout infected; a significant correlation also existed between water temperature and lesion severity scores in rainbow trout. Similar correlations did not exist for percentage of brown trout infected or accompanying lesion severity scores. In rainbow trout, ventral calvarium was the most common site of M. cerebralis replication, followed by gill arches. In brown trout, lesions were virtually confined to gill arches. Early lesions consisted of foci of cartilage necrosis with small numbers of M. cerebralis developmental stages. More advanced lesions consisted of multifocal areas of cartilage necrosis with numerous M. cerebralis developmental stages and/or mature myxospores bordered and/or infiltrated by mono-and multinuclear leukocytes. Lesions in brown trout were smaller and had fewer associated leukocytes and M. cerebralis developmental stages and/or mature myxospores. Higher infection rates, lesion severity scores, and differences in lesion location in rainbow versus brown trout explain in part why numbers of rainbow but not brown trout have fallen in western rivers inhabited with M. cerebralis-infected trout.

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Attempts to Control Whirling Disease by Continuous Drug Feeding

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. I:Hexamita salmonis

Oral pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. I:Hexamita salmonis

The effect of cohabitation of Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta: Tubificidae) populations on infections to Myxobolus cerebralis (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae)

Myxobolus Cerebralis Infection in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) and Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) Exposed Under Natural Stream Conditions

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