Atributos químicos em agregados biogênicos e fisiogênicos de solo submetido à aplicação com dejetos suínos

Abstract

AGRONOMIA (AGRONOMY) RESUMO: Aplicações sucessivas de dejetos suínos no solo podem promover aumento dos teores dos atributos químicos do solo, com ênfase naqueles presentes nos agregados biogênicos. Objetivou-se quantificar os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT), nitrogênio total (NT), pH, Al, Ca, Mg, P e K, nos agregados biogênicos e fisiogênicos do solo sob áreas com aplicação de dejetos líquidos de suínos (DLS) e cama sobreposta de suínos (CSS). Após 10 anos do uso de dejetos suínos em sistema plantio direto com a sucessão aveia preta/milho, coletaram-se amostras indeformadas de solo nas camadas de 0-5 e 5-10 cm, nos tratamentos sem dejetos (testemunha), com aplicação de DLS e CSS em doses equivalentes a uma e duas vezes a recomendação de N para o milho e aveia (DLS1X, DLS2X, CSS1X e CSS2X, respectivamente). Os agregados foram separados conforme a via de formação em biogênicos e fisiogênicos, sendo posteriormente feitas as análises químicas. A aplicação de CSS aumentou os teores de COT e NT em relação à testemunha e as áreas com DLS, que não se diferenciaram entre si. O uso de DLS aumentou os teores Ca (0-10 cm), K (DLS1X para 0-10 cm) e P (5-10 cm), e não alterou os teores de Mg e NT, em relação à testemunha; enquanto o uso de CSS aumentou o Mg (0-5 cm), Ca, N, P e K (0-10 cm) quando comparado aos DLS e à testemunha. Os agregados biogênicos favorecem o aumento de N, P, K, Mg e COT em relação aos fisiogênicos. Palavras-chave: cama sobreposta de suínos; dejetos líquidos de suínos; fertilidade do solo; gênese dos agregados; sistema plantio direto Chemical attributes in biogenic and physicogenic aggregates of soil submitted to swine manure application ABSTRACT: Successive applications of swine manure in soil can promote increases of contents of soil chemical attributes, with emphasis on those present in the biogenic aggregates. The objective of this study was to quantify total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), pH, Al, Ca, Mg, P and K, in the biogenic and physicogenic aggregates of the soil under areas with pig slurry (PS)) and deep litter (DL). After 10 years of use of swine manure in no-tillage system with black oat/maize succession, undisturbed soil samples were collected in the 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers, in the treatments without wastes (control), with application of PS and DL in doses equivalent to one and two times the recommended N for corn and oats (PS1X, PS2X, DL1X and DL2X, respectively). The aggregates were separated according to the biogenic and physicogenic formation pathway, and the chemical analyzes were performed. The application of DL increased the TOC and TN contents in relation to the control and the areas with PS, which did not differentiate between them. The use of PS increased the Ca (0-10 cm), K (PS1X to 0-10 cm) and P (5-10 cm) contents, and did not alter the Mg and TN contents, relative to the control; while the use of DL increased the Mg (0-5 cm), Ca, N, P and K (0-10 cm) when compared to the PS and the control. The biogenic aggregates favor the increase of N, P, K, Mg and TOC in...

Physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes and organic fractions of biogenic aggregates of earthworms and toposequence of Inceptisol in semi-arid region

“…Silva Neto et al (2010 reported that the mean levels of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in biogenic aggregates of earthworms were higher than those found in four soil classes (Oxisols, Ultisols, Alfisols, and Nitisols) in Areia city, Paraíba, which is a semi-arid region. Mergen Junior et al (2019a) found no significant difference in Ca 2+ contents when comparing biogenic and physicogenic aggregates with a mean value of 7.07 and 7.25 cmol c kg -1 , respectively (0-5 cm), values lower than those found in this study.…”

“…Earthworms form a major part of the soil fauna. Their activity is mostly considered beneficial as they promote changes in the chemical and physical characteristics of soil through biogenic structures (Fusaro et al, 2018;Xiang et al, 2018;Mergen Junior et al, 2019a, 2019bMelo et al, 2020;Teshajonova;Valihanov, 2020). Among the different types of earthworms, geophagous earthworms often have the ability to move both horizontally and vertically; this activity contributes to changes in physical attributes of soil, such as an increase in porosity, aeration, aggregation, water retention capacity, and reduction of erosive processes (Jouquet;Blanchart;Capowiez, 2014;Hallam;Hodson, 2020).…”

Physicogenic and biogenic aggregates under different management systems in the Cerrado region, Brazil

“…Such results indicate that more labile (available) substances predominate in biogenic aggregates compared with physicogenic aggregates (Loss et al, 2014). As previously discussed, these effects can be attributed to the activity of soil fauna and plant root systems, particularly in no-till sites (Loss et al, 2014;Mergen Junior et al, 2019a). Other authors observed similar results (Pulleman et al, 2005;Loss et al, 2014;Batista, 2015;Rossi et al, 2016;Schultz et al, 2019).…”

Uso De Tensiômetros Na Determinação Da Retenção De Água Em Diferentes Substratos Para Plantas Ornamentais

“…Os resultados de carbono orgânico das substâncias húmicas da MOS variaram em função das pedoformas e das vias de formação em todas as frações estudadas (Tabela 3). (Loss et al, 2014;Mergen Junior et al, 2014;Fernandes et al, 2017;Ventura et al, 2018;Melo et al, 2019e Ferreira et al, 2020. Apontando a mesma como uma potencial indicadora na avaliação da qualidade do solo, justamente por sua maior sensibilidade as diferentes condições edafoambientais (Silva Neto et al, 2010;Loss et al, 2014;e Fernandes et al, 2017).…”