Atributos do Solo Relacionados com a Produção da Castanheira-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa)

Abstract

RESUMONeste estudo foram analisados os atributos do solo relacionados com variações na produção de frutos da castanheira bem como o estado nutricional da espécie. As árvores foram selecionadas em parcela permanente (Caracaraí, RR) e divididas em quatro classes de produção: alta, média, baixa e muito baixa. Em novembro de 2009, amostras de solo e folhas foram coletadas para se avaliar a fertilidade do solo, o número de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e o estado nutricional das árvores. Árvores com maior produção de frutos ocorreram associadas a maior teor de Al trocável na camada de 0-20 cm do solo, bem como a menor valor de pH e saturação por bases. A variável discriminante resultante deste estudo não foi considerada como responsável por interferir no potencial produtivo da castanheira-do-brasil, mas serviu como indicativo de que árvores mais produtivas contribuem na remoção de bases trocáveis, favorecendo a acidificação do solo.Palavras-chave: extrativismo, acidez do solo, absorção de bases, Roraima. Soil Attributes Related with Production of Brazil Nut Tree (Bertholletia excelsa) ABSTRACTIn this study we analyzed the soil attributes related with variation in the fruit production of Brazil nut trees, as well as the nutritional status of the species. Trees were selected in permanent plot (Caracaraí -RR) and divided in four production classes: High, Medium, Low and Very low. In November 2009, soil and leaves samples were taken to evaluate soil fertility, soil colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and trees nutritional status. Trees with higher fruits production occurred associated with higher exchangeable Al in soil depth of 0-20 cm, as well as to smaller pH and bases saturation values. The discriminant variable resulting of the present study was not assumed as responsible for interfering with the productive potential of Brazil nut trees; however, it indicates most productive trees contributing with exchangeable basis removal, favoring soil acidification.

Strategies to optimize modeling habitat suitability of Bertholletia excelsa in the Pan‐Amazonia

“…However, our findings are similar to those of a recent study that highlighted the relative importance of edaphic conditions to plant occurrence in Amazon (Figueiredo et al, ). We attributed this result to recognized importance of soil attributes to Amazon‐nut ecology and productivity (Costa et al, ; Kainer et al, ). Moreover, we highlight that the percent contribution values ranked by MAXENT are determined by how much of variation a model with only that variable explains, it considers environmental variables separately (Bradie & Leung, ).…”

“…Concerning chemical attributes, soil influence on fruit production has been shown to be positively associated with cation-exchange capacity (Kainer, Wadt, & Staudhammer, 2007). However, other studies found highly productive trees in areas with higher levels of exchangeable Al and low soil pH, confirming that species can also be productive in acidic and less fertile soil (Costa, Tonini, & Filho, 2017). Among topographic predictors, elevation was one of the strongest predictors.…”

Production of Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl., (Lecythidaceae) seedlings in microenvironments under different substrates

“…& Bonpl., (Lecythidaceae), commonly known as Brazil nut, is a tree species of great economic importance in the Amazon region (Albuquerque et al, 2015;Thomas et al, 2015;Santos et al, 2017;Nogueira et al, 2018). This species promotes employment and income for thousands of workers through the trade and local consumption of its seeds (Tonini, 2011;Scoles et al, 2016;Costa et al, 2017). B. excelsa seeds present high commercial and nutritional value and are internationally traded as the Brazil nut denomination (Wadt et al, 2015;Baldoni et al, 2017;Wadt et al, 2018).…”

Combining species distribution modelling and environmental perceptions to support sustainable strategies for Amazon-nut (<i>Bertholletia excelsa</i> Bonpl.) planting and conservation

“…Concerning chemical attributes, soil influence on Amazon-nut fruit production has been shown to be positively associated with cation exchange capacity (Kainer, Wadt, & Staudhammer, 2007). However, other studies found highly productive trees in areas with higher levels of exchangeable Al and low soil pH, confirming that species can also be productive in acidic, less fertile areas (Costa, Tonini, & Filho, 2017 Among topographic predictors, elevation was one of the strongest determinants of Amazon-nut habitat suitability. In the map, species probability of occurrence was lower at higher altitudes, as in the northern and southern extremes of the Amazon basin.…”

“…However, our findings are similar to those of a recent study that highlighted the relative importance of edaphic conditions to plant occurrence in Amazon (Figueiredo et al, 2017). We attributed this result to recognized importance of soil attributes to Amazon-nut ecology and productivity (Costa et al, 2017;Kainer et al, 2007).…”