Atoms on demand: Fast, deterministic production of single Cr atoms

Hill, Shannon B.; McClelland, Jabez J.

doi:10.1063/1.1572539

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[13][14][15] Notably, there has been no report on the formation of single metal atoms (not ligated metal complexes such as H 2 Pt(IV)Cl 6 ) with these methods. In contrast, physical methods, such as sputtering, [16,17] thermal evaporation, [18][19][20] and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) manipulation, [21,22] have been regarded as capable of forming and manipulating even single metal atoms on demand. However, both the number of single atoms that can be formed and the kind of substrates that can be used are fairly limited with these methods, because they require quite rigorous conditions, i.e., high vacuum and/or temperature as well as expensive and complicated facilities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Single Pt Atoms on Thiolated Carbon Nanotubes Using a Moderate and Large‐Scale Chemical Approach

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, nanoscience and nanotechnology have made rapid progress in utilizing material properties that differ from those of the bulk state as a result of the quantum size effect.[1] When researching a subject in nanoscience, the precise synthesis or formation of the nanometer-sized object is essential, regardless of the research discipline. The formation of metal clusters that are as small as possible has been a special challenge for numerous researchers, because it has been shown that size has remarkable effects on material properties, such as electrical, [2] optical, [3] thermal, [4] magnetic, [5] and catalytic [6] properties. These unique properties are expected to be maximized in the smallest metal cluster, i.e., a single metal atom, and such expectations have been proven in some research areas, such as single-electron transistors (SETs), [7,8] magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE), [9] and ballistic magnetoresistance (BMR).[10] However, in catalysis, maximized effects are still unclear, as the formation of enough single metal atoms on supports or substrates to apply to a practical catalysis reaction is quite difficult. This is in contrast to the case of SETs, MAE, and BMR, in which the size effects are easily detectable with even one atom. It is expected that single metal atoms could show the highest catalytic activity in a structureinsensitive reaction that requires no ensemble of atoms as an active site, although they could provide inferior performances in a structure-sensitive reaction, for example, the electrochemical oxygen-reduction reaction in which 3-4 nm is generally recognized to be the optimum size of particles. To date, the routes for the formation of single metal atoms or small metal clusters on supports or substrates can be divided into two categories: chemical and physical methods. Chemical methods, such as impregnation [11] and the colloidal method, [12] enable the formation of very small metal clusters on supports or substrates and have a fairly uniform size distribution. However, about 1 nm is generally considered to be the minimum size of clusters that can be achieved with these methods, although cluster formation below 1 nm has occasionally been reported. [13][14][15] Notably, there has been no report on the formation of single metal atoms (not ligated metal complexes such as H 2 Pt(IV)Cl 6 ) with these methods. In contrast, physical methods, such as sputtering, [16,17] thermal evaporation, [18][19][20] and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) manipulation, [21,22] have been regarded as capable of forming and manipulating even single metal atoms on demand. However, both the number of single atoms that can be formed and the kind of substrates that can be used are fairly limited with these methods, because they require quite rigorous conditions, i.e., high vacuum and/or temperature as well as expensive and complicated facilities. These physical methods are therefore adequate to form single atoms for the qualitative investigation of their material properties, but are quite limited when it ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Single Pt Atoms on Thiolated Carbon Nanotubes Using a Moderate and Large‐Scale Chemical Approach

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3.1 Dependence of loading rate on the magnetic field gradient of MOT Several groups have successfully trapped a single atom in an MOT by decreasing the loading rate [20][21][22][23][24][25][26], or in a microscopic FORT using the collisional blockade effect [5,19,27]. We loaded a single atom into an MOT with a large-magnetic-field gradient and then transferred the trapped atom into the microscopic FORT.…”

Section: Characterization Of a Mot And A Microscopic Fortmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending the trapping lifetime of single atom in a microscopic far-off-resonance optical dipole trap

Yang

Cheng

et al. 2011

Front. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In our experiment, a single cesium atom prepared in a large-magnetic-gradient magneto-optical trap (MOT) can be efficiently transferred into a 1064-nm far-off-resonance microscopic optical dipole trap (FORT). The efficient transfer of the single atom between the two traps is used to determine the trapping lifetime and the effective temperature of the single atom in FORT. The typical trapping lifetime has been improved from ∼ 6.9 s to ∼ 130 s by decreasing the background pressure from ∼ 1 × 10 −10 Torr to ∼ 2 × 10 −11 Torr and applying one-shot 10-ms laser cooling phase. We also theoretically investigate the dependence of trapping lifetimes of a single atom in a FORT on trap parameters based on the FORT beam's intensity noise induced heating. Numerical simulations show that the heating depends on the FORT beam's waist size and the trap depth. The trapping time can be predicted based on effective temperature measurement of a single atom in the FORT and the intensity noise spectra of the FORT beam. These experimental results are found to be in agreement with the predictions of the heating model.

show abstract

“…As another example of how atom optics can be put to use to introduce new techniques into nanotechnology, we discuss the recent demonstration of a deterministic source of single atoms in our laboratory [22]. Absolute control over single atoms might be considered the ultimate goal of nanotechnology, since as the sizes of structures continue to shrink in the nano regime, it will eventually be important to control the exact placement of every atom.…”

Section: Deterministic Source Of Single Atomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology with atom optics

McClelland

Hill

Pichler

et al. 2004

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A brief review of atom optics is presented, with emphasis on how it can be applied in the field of nanotechnology. Two specific examples are discussed: laser-focused atomic deposition and deterministic production of single atoms. Results are summarized for these two techniques, and discussion is presented on how they can impact progress in the development of nanotechnology. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

show abstract

Atoms on demand: Fast, deterministic production of single Cr atoms

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Formation of Single Pt Atoms on Thiolated Carbon Nanotubes Using a Moderate and Large‐Scale Chemical Approach

Formation of Single Pt Atoms on Thiolated Carbon Nanotubes Using a Moderate and Large‐Scale Chemical Approach

Extending the trapping lifetime of single atom in a microscopic far-off-resonance optical dipole trap

Nanotechnology with atom optics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About