In our experiment, a single cesium atom prepared in a large-magnetic-gradient magneto-optical trap (MOT) can be efficiently transferred into a 1064-nm far-off-resonance microscopic optical dipole trap (FORT). The efficient transfer of the single atom between the two traps is used to determine the trapping lifetime and the effective temperature of the single atom in FORT. The typical trapping lifetime has been improved from ∼ 6.9 s to ∼ 130 s by decreasing the background pressure from ∼ 1 × 10 −10 Torr to ∼ 2 × 10 −11 Torr and applying one-shot 10-ms laser cooling phase. We also theoretically investigate the dependence of trapping lifetimes of a single atom in a FORT on trap parameters based on the FORT beam's intensity noise induced heating. Numerical simulations show that the heating depends on the FORT beam's waist size and the trap depth. The trapping time can be predicted based on effective temperature measurement of a single atom in the FORT and the intensity noise spectra of the FORT beam. These experimental results are found to be in agreement with the predictions of the heating model.
Magic wavelength optical-dipole trap (ODT) allows confinement of neutral atoms and cancellation of the position-dependent spatially inhomogeneous differential light shift for a desired atomic transition. The light shift of the 87Rb 5P3/2 state can be expediently tailored to be equal to that of the 87Rb 5S1/2 state by employing dicromatic (λ1 + λ2 (here λ2 = 2λ1 ∼ 1.5 µm)) linearly polarized ODT lasers. In our calculation, two sets of state-insensitive dichromatic (784.3 + 1568.6 nm and 806.4 + 1612.8 nm) are obtained for the 87Rb 5S1/2 (F = 2) – 5P3/2 (F′ = 3) transition. Further, 784.3 + 1568.6 nm dicromatic laser system with a moderate output power has been realized experimentally by marrying efficient second-harmonic generation using a PPMgO:LN bulk crystal with a fibre-amplified 1.5 µm telecom laser.
Optical dipole traps (ODT) with far-off-resonance laser are important tools in more and more present cold-atom experiments, which allow confinement of laser-cooled atoms with a long storage time. Particularly, the magic wavelength ODT can cancel the position-dependent spatially inhomogeneous light shift of desired atomic transition, which is introduced by the ODT laser beam. Now it plays an important role in the state-insensitive quantum engineering and the atomic optical clock. To verify the magic wavelength or the magic wavelength combination for D 2 line transition of cesium (Cs) and rubidium (Rb) atoms, we calculated and analyzed the light shift of the 133 Cs 6S 1/2 -6P 3/2 transition for a monochromatic ODT, and also the 87 Rb 5S 1/2 -5P 3/2 transition for a dichromatic ODT with a laser frequency ratio of 2:1. Also a dichromatic magic-wavelength ODT laser system for 87 Rb atoms is proposed and experimentally realized by employing the quasi-phase-matched frequency doubling technique with telecom laser and fiber amplifier.
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