Atmospheric Radiation and Its Reflection From the Ground

Brooks, F. A.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1952)009<0041:arairf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 33 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In subsequent studies, two conditions must be analyzed during the pre-treatment of the samples: a) the sieving and homogenization of the sample, since they can change the color of the urban dust, providing them with increased luminosity (Domínguez, Román, Prieto, & Acevedo, 2012;Matthias et al, 2000;Sánchez-Marañon, Delgado, Delgado, Pérez, & Melgosa, 1995), and b) the humidity content, given that humid dust can be darker than dried dust (Brooks, 1952;Kojima, 1958;Domínguez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Groups / Gruposmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…En estudios posteriores, dos condiciones deben ser analizadas durante el pretratamiento de las muestras: a) el tamizado y homogeneización de la muestra, ya que pueden cambiar el color de los polvos urbanos, imprimiéndoles mayor luminosidad (Domínguez, Román, Prieto, & Acevedo, 2012;Matthias et al, 2000;Sánchez-Marañon, Delgado, Delgado, Pérez, & Melgosa, 1995) y b) el contenido de humedad, debido a que los polvos húmedos pueden ser más obscuros que los secos (Brooks, 1952;Kojima, 1958;Domínguez et al, 2012).…”

Section: End Of English Versionunclassified

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El color del polvo urbano como indicador de contaminación por elementos potencialmente tóxicos: el caso de Ensenada, Baja California, México

Cortés

Bautista

Quintana

et al. 2015

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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C ontamination by potentially toxic elements (PTE) is not periodically evaluated, given that the chemical analyses have a high cost. The ashes and combustion fumes give the ground a dark color, which could serve as a proxy indicator. In this study, a methodology was designed to prove the use of the color of urban dust as an indicator of contamination by PTE, and the most contaminated color was identified. 86 dust samples from Ensenada, Baja California were analyzed. The color of the samples was measured and the color indices (CI) were calculated using the RGB system. Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Rubidium (Rb), Vanadium (V), Strontium (Sr), and Yttrium (Y) were analyzed through x-ray fluorescence methods. The samples were grouped by color using the Munsell tables; the groups were validated with a discriminant analysis using the color indices. The multiple regressions indicated that there exists a relation between the CI and the PTE. The averages of the analyzed elements in the samples grouped by color were different (Kruskal-Wallis, P < 0.05). Gray dust contains higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni. The color indices of urban dust can be considered a proxy methodology given their low cost, speed and reliability.Resumen L a contaminación por elementos potencialmente tóxicos (EPT) no se evalúa periódicamente, ya que los análisis químicos son de costo elevado. Las cenizas y humos de combustión otorgan color obscuro al suelo y afectan la salud de la población. El color podría funcionar como indicador proxy. En este trabajo se diseñó una metodología para probar el uso del color del polvo urbano como indicador de contaminación por EPT y se identificó el color más contaminado. Se analizaron 86 muestras de polvo de Ensenada, Baja California. El color de las muestras se midió y los índices de color (IC) se calcularon con el sistema RGB. El Níquel (Ni), Cobre (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Plomo (Pb), Rubidio (Rb), Vanadio (V), Estroncio (Sr) e Itrio (Y) se analizaron por fluorescencia de rayos X. Las muestras se agruparon por color con las tablas Munsell; los agrupamientos se validaron con un análisis discriminante utilizando los IC. Las regresiones múltiples indicaron que existe relación entre los IC y los EPT. Las medianas de los elementos analizados en las muestras agrupadas por color fueron diferentes (Kruskal-Wallis, P < 0.05). El polvo gris contiene mayores concentraciones de Pb, Cu, Zn y Ni. Los índices de color del polvo urbano pueden considerarse una metodología proxy debido al bajo costo, rapidez y confiabilidad.Received: February 4, 2015 / Accepted: July 7, 2015.Palabras clave: Índices de color; índice de rojez; índice de saturación; índice hue.

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Section: Groups / Gruposmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: End Of English Versionunclassified

El color del polvo urbano como indicador de contaminación por elementos potencialmente tóxicos: el caso de Ensenada, Baja California, México

Cortés

Bautista

Quintana

et al. 2015

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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“…greater than the example, but the radiometer observation did not include short wave diffuse energy. This 77 Calories represents about 12% of the observed 610 Calories; Brooks ( 1952) considers that about 76 of solar radiation is diffuse.…”

Section: Solar and Atmospheric Radiationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The value for the curves of Figure 6 were based upon these observations. The shape of the left-hand section of the curve, representing solar radiation, was developed from Abbot's (1937) 77 Calories represents about 12% of the observed 610 Calories; Brooks (1952) considers that about /6 of solar radiation is diffuse.…”

Section: Thus the Radiant Energy Reaching An Animal From The Upper Hementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Thermal Radiation in Animal Ecology

Kelly¹,

Bond²,

Heitman³

1954

Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Ecological Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ecology.

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“…January [19][20][21]1959 (Fig. AZ) The charts show strengthening zonal flow over Eurasia, with the jet stream to the north of 50'N and associated with strong cyclonic activity over Siberia and northwest Europe.…”

Section: Selected Bibliographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction Northern Hemisphere 1

Wilson¹

1967

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Atmospheric Radiation and Its Reflection From the Ground

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

El color del polvo urbano como indicador de contaminación por elementos potencialmente tóxicos: el caso de Ensenada, Baja California, México

El color del polvo urbano como indicador de contaminación por elementos potencialmente tóxicos: el caso de Ensenada, Baja California, México

The Role of Thermal Radiation in Animal Ecology

Introduction Northern Hemisphere 1

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