Introduction Northern Hemisphere 1

Wilson, Cynthia V.

doi:10.21236/ad0656447

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…near the tops of the local ice caps is about -24 0 (Paterson and others, 1977;Fisher and others, 1983) and this is taken as a constant for (X -Xc) > 70 km. Up to 70 km, T(x) is found assuming a lapse rate of -0.61 0 / 100 m (Wilson, 1967). The global model provides the coastal start values for the 5s and k. The offshore precipitation P(x c ) that is used as input to Equation (8) is obtained from Jaeger (1983) and local coastal station seasonal precipitation distributions, i.e.…”

Section: An Example Of a Regional Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Zonally-Averaged Stable-Isotope Model Coupled to a Regional Variable-Elevation Stable-Isotope Model

Fisher¹

1990

Ann. Glaciol.

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A global model is presented that simulates zonal averages of stable isotopes δ(18O), δ(D) and precipitation rates at sea level. The model is empirical and uses as input zonal averages of evaporation, meridional water-vapour flux, air temperature, sea temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, sea-ice cover, and supersaturation in clouds as a function of temperature. The global model provides input to high-latitude regional solutions that are found integrating up assumed vapour trajectories, which need not be at sea level. Model precipitation rates, δ(18O) and δ(D), compare well to measured values on an annual and seasonal basis. The stable-isotope-temperature relation poleward of about 35° latitude as well as the isotope-precipitation relation in the tropics is simulated by the zonal global model. The Queen Elizabeth Islands stable-isotope pattern is given as an example of a regional solution of the model. Zonal moisture contributions for high-elevation sites are found to be different between northern hemisphere (Crête, Greenland) and southern hemisphere (Vostok, East Antarctica) with the southern high-latitude cold oceans making a larger relative contribution.

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Section: An Example Of a Regional Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…near the tops of the local ice caps is about −24° (Paterson and others, 1977; Fisher and others, 1983) and this is taken as a constant for (X - X c ) > 70 km. Up to 70 km, T(x) is found assuming a lapse rate of −0.61°/100m (Wilson, 1967). The global model provides the coastal start values for the δs and λ.…”

Section: Regional Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Zonally-Averaged Stable-Isotope Model Coupled to a Regional Variable-Elevation Stable-Isotope Model

Fisher¹

1990

Ann. Glaciol.

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“…This varies with temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, nature of vegetation, the nature of soil, and availability of water. Various studies of the subject have been made elsewhere (Thornthwaite 1948;Penman 1956;Brown 1965;Wilson 1967;Lettau 1969;Hare and Hay 1971). The model chosen is that of Thornthwaite (Thornthwaite 1948;Palmer and Havens 1958) which is an experimentally correlated function of mean monthly temperature with daylight (a function of latitude) correction.…”

Section: Fig 8 Comparison Between Methods Of Simulating the Coefficmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictions and observations on the behaviour of a warm gas pipeline on permafrost

Hwang¹

1976

Can. Geotech. J.

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This paper deals with predictions and measured observations of the behaviour of a warm gas pipeline on permafrost. In the paper, descriptions of the theoretical background for a mathematical model developed by the Canadian Arctic Gas Study Limited will be made. The model incorporates the following aspects: (a) transient heat conduction mechanism during freezing and thawing in the ground, in which the latent heat is considered a s a heat source in the energy balance equation; (b) heat exchange mechanism at the ground surface with respect to meteorological data such a s ambient air temperature, solar radiation, greenhouse factor, wind velocity, snow depth, and evapotranspiration; and (c) changes in geometry of the thermal domain due to thaw subsidence.Verification of the model was made using field data obtained from a hot-berm module with a g a s temperature of 65 "F (18.3 "C), at the Norman Wells Test Facility of Canadian Arctic Gas Study Limited. Good correlation was found for predicted and measured values of: (a) ground temperature profiles in instrumented locations, (b) ground surface settlement, (c) pipe settlement, and (d) heat flux around the pipe. L'article traite des previsions et des observations de comportement d'un pipeline de gaz chaud dans le pergelisol. On donne une description de la base thtorique d'un modele mathematique mis au point par Canadian Arctic Gas S t~~d y Limited. L e modele couvre les aspects suivants: (a) mecanisme d e conduction d e chaleur transitoire durant le gel et le degel du sol, la chaleur latente Ctant considCree comme source d e chaleur dans I'equation d e bilan d'Cnergie, (b) mecanisme d'echange de chaleur B la surface du sol, compte tenu des donnees m6tt5orologiques telles que temperature d e I'airambiant, radiation solaire, effet d e serre, vitesse du vent, Cpaisseur de neige et Cvapotranspiration, et (c) changements d e la geometric du domaine thermique dus au tassement durant le degel. La verification du modele a CtC faite au moyen des donnees obtenues sur le terrain dans un module a berme chaude avec une temperature de gaz d e 65 "F (18.3 "C), a la station d'essai Norman Wells d e Canadian Arctic Gas Study Limited. On a obtenu une bonne correlation entre les valeurs prevues et mesurCes (a) des profils d e temperature du sol dans les sections instrumentCes. (b) du tassement d e la surface du sol, (c) du tassement du tuyau, et (d) du flux d e chaleur autour du tuyau.

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The dynamic climatology of the beaufort to laptev sea sector of the polar basin for the winters of 1975 and 1976

LeDrew

1985

J. Climatol.

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The dynamic climatology of the Asiatic and North American sectors of the Polar Basin is examined for the winter season using NMC grid data for 1975 and 1976. The relative contributions to the total vertical circulation field by the mechanisms of differential vorticity and thickness advection, the diabatic effects of latent heat release and surface heating, and the surface effects of friction and orography are evaluated for the major synoptic patterns of the region. From this analysis, the relative significance of advective versus local affects on synoptic development is determined. The results are compared with those from a similar study for the summer period.

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Introduction Northern Hemisphere 1

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

A Zonally-Averaged Stable-Isotope Model Coupled to a Regional Variable-Elevation Stable-Isotope Model

A Zonally-Averaged Stable-Isotope Model Coupled to a Regional Variable-Elevation Stable-Isotope Model

Predictions and observations on the behaviour of a warm gas pipeline on permafrost

The dynamic climatology of the beaufort to laptev sea sector of the polar basin for the winters of 1975 and 1976

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