Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) T-cell and cytokine response after vaccination and challenge with nodavirus

Øvergård, Aina-Cathrine; Patel, Sonal; Nøstbakken, Ole Jakob; Nerland, Audun Helge

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.01.034

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Interleukin 6 (il6) is also associated to response to β-glucan in fish (Diao, 2013) and plays an active role in antiviral response in conjunction with other cytokines (Overgard, 2013). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) has a key role in regulating inflammation at the early stages of virus infection in fish where it functions together with IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 (Carballo, 2017).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-glucan enhances the response to SVCV infection in zebrafish

Medina-Gali

Ortega-Villaizán

Mercado

et al. 2018

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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The antiviral effects of beta-glucan, an immunostimulatory agent were studied in zebrafish both in vitro and in vivo. Here we show that zebrafish ZF4 cells as well as whole fish primed with yeast β-glucan zymosan exhibited increased cytokine expression and elevated response to spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. In vitro, previous treatment of β-glucan enhanced ZF4 cell viability against SVCV infection which is associated to the activation of interferon signaling pathway and inflammatory cytokines gene expression. In vivo, the SVCV-infected fish primed with β-glucan had a higher survival rate (≈73%) than the control SVCV-infected group (≈33%). Additionally, up-regulation of the expression of a set of genes involved in innate immune response was detected in zebrafish intraperitoneally injected of β-glucan: il1b, il6, il8, il10 and tnfa transcripts showed increased expression that appear to be rapid (2 days) but not long-lived (less than 2 weeks). The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to combine cell culture and in vivo approaches to describe host response to β-glucan stimulation and viral infection in zebrafish.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-glucan enhances the response to SVCV infection in zebrafish

Medina-Gali

Ortega-Villaizán

Mercado

et al. 2018

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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“…Takazawa et al ( 58 ) showed that CD8α cells account for a large proportion of the total lymphocytes found in the gills of salmonids. It is interesting to note that induction of MHC-I and CD8 + responses in the gills is mostly by bath or immersion vaccination ( 26 , 52 ). Kai et al ( 26 ) and Overgard et al ( 52 ) observed that upregulation of CD8α cells coincided with upregulation of MHC-I after vaccination using viral antigens pointing to possible activation of CD8 cells via the MHC-I pathway.…”

Section: Immunological Mechanisms Of Vaccine Protection In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting to note that induction of MHC-I and CD8 + responses in the gills is mostly by bath or immersion vaccination ( 26 , 52 ). Kai et al ( 26 ) and Overgard et al ( 52 ) observed that upregulation of CD8α cells coincided with upregulation of MHC-I after vaccination using viral antigens pointing to possible activation of CD8 cells via the MHC-I pathway. Overgard et al ( 53 ) also showed upregulation of TCR genes alongside upregulation of MHC-I and CD8α pointing to possible binding of TCRs to MHC-I molecules leading to activation of CD8α cells.…”

Section: Immunological Mechanisms Of Vaccine Protection In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish

2015

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Mucosal organs are principle portals of entry for microbial invasion and as such developing protective vaccines against these pathogens can serve as a first line of defense against infections. In general, all mucosal organs in finfish are covered by a layer of mucus whose main function is not only to prevent pathogen attachment by being continuously secreted and sloughing-off but it serves as a vehicle for antimicrobial compounds, complement, and immunoglobulins that degrade, opsonize, and neutralize invading pathogens on mucosal surfaces. In addition, all mucosal organs in finfish possess antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that activate cells of the adaptive immune system to generate long-lasting protective immune responses. The functional activities of APCs are orchestrated by a vast array of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines found in all mucosal organs. The adaptive immune system in mucosal organs is made of humoral immune responses that are able to neutralize invading pathogens as well as cellular-mediated immune responses whose kinetics are comparable to those induced by parenteral vaccines. In general, finfish mucosal immune system has the capacity to serve as the first-line defense mechanism against microbial invasion as well as being responsive to vaccination.

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“…A previous work also described the infiltration of IgM + cells in the brain of seabream upon NNV infection, but not of macrophages or acidophilic granulocytes (48). These two observations, together with the increase of the transcription level of lymphocyte marker genes in the brain after NNV infection (48–50), suggest that fish lymphocytes are able to cross the brain-blood barrier and infiltrate the brain. In fact, though microglial cells are the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, particular populations of T cells, different to the circulating ones, have been identified in mammals (51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Fish Granzyme A Shows a Greater Role Than Granzyme B in Fish Innate Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

et al. 2019

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Granzymes (Gzm) are serine proteases, contained into the secretory granules of cytotoxic cells, responsible for the cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) against tumor cells and intracellular pathogens such as virus and bacteria. In fish, they have received little attention to their existence, classification or functional characterization. Therefore, we aimed to identify and evaluate their functional and transcriptomic relevance in the innate CMC activity of two relevant teleost fish species, gilthead seabream and European sea bass. Afterwards, we wanted to focus on their regulation upon nodavirus (NNV) infection, a virus that causes great mortalities to sea bass specimens while seabream is resistant. In this study, we have identified genes encoding GzmA and GzmB in both seabream and sea bass, as well as GzmM in seabream, which showed good phylogenetic relation to their mammalian orthologs. In addition, we found enzymatic activity related to tryptase (GzmA and/or GzmK), aspartase (GzmB), metase (GzmM), or chymase (GzmH) in resting head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs), with the following order of activity: GzmA/K ~ GzmM >> GzmH >>> GzmB. In addition, during innate CMC assays consisting on HKLs exposed to either mock- or NNV-infected target cells, though all the granzyme transcripts were increased only the tryptase activity did. Thus, our data suggest a high functional activity of GzmA/K in the innate CMC and a marginal one for GzmB. Moreover, GzmB activity was detected into target cells during the CMC assays. However, the percentage of target cells with GzmB activity after the CMC assays was about 10-fold lower than the death target cells, demonstrating that GzmB is not the main inductor of cell death. Moreover, in in vivo infection with NNV, gzm transcription is differently regulated depending on the fish species, genes and tissues. However, the immunohistochemistry study revealed an increased number of GzmB stained cells and areas in the brain of seabream after NNV infection, which was mainly associated with the lesions detected. Further studies are needed to ascertain the molecular nature, biological function and implication of fish granzymes in the CMC activity, and in the antiviral defense in particular.

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Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) T-cell and cytokine response after vaccination and challenge with nodavirus

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Beta-glucan enhances the response to SVCV infection in zebrafish

Beta-glucan enhances the response to SVCV infection in zebrafish

A Review of the Immunological Mechanisms Following Mucosal Vaccination of Finfish

Fish Granzyme A Shows a Greater Role Than Granzyme B in Fish Innate Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

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