Asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy in Ibadan, Nigeria: a re-assessment

Abstract

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy is the major risk factor for developing symptomatic urinary tract infection during pregnancy. In the present study, 300 pregnant women are screened for significant asymptomatic bacteriuria in order to provide an insight into the prevalence in developing countries, reassessment of some predisposing factors and aetiological agents and their susceptibility tests. The mean age of the patients in the study is 26.8 years (SD: 5.8 years, range: 16-40 years). Using 10(3) organisms/mL as a significant level of bacteriuria, the prevalence was found to be 21.0%. One hundred and fifty-eight samples had no pus cells, with 25 showing significant bacteriuria, 116 samples contained 1-4 pus cells/high power field (hpf) with 25 showing significant bacteriuria, while 26 samples had > or = 5 pus cells/hpf with 13 showing significant bacteriuria. There was no particular trend associated with age and rate of infection. However, there was a decline in the rate of infection in the 26-30 age group, with a sharp increase as age increased. There was high incidence of bacteriuria during the third trimester of pregnancy (21.9%) compared with that in the first trimester (7.7%), while the level in the second trimester was 22.5%. Multiparity is associated with increased bacteriuria in pregnancy. Thirty-one (49.2%) isolates grew Gram-negative bacilli; 27 (42.9%) grew Gram-positive cocci and the remainder (7.9%) grew yeast-like cells. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent pathogen (41.3%), followed by Klebsiella species (33.3%) and Escherichia coli (11.1%). Bacterial isolates from this study were most sensitive to ceftazidime, followed by ceftriazone, and least susceptible to co-trimoxazole.

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State

“…This observation is supported by the works of [45]. The higher incidence of UTI in females is also supported by [19].…”

Urinary tract infection amongst pregnant women in Amassoma, Southern Nigeria

“…A prevalence of 25.3% was observed in this study which is similar to that of Akinloye et al (2006) in Ibadan who reported a prevalence of 21.7% but relatively lower that the study of Onuh et al (2006) in Benin with a 32.7% prevalence rate and Okonko et al (2009) with a prevalence rate of 45.7% in Ibadan. However, it is higher than the study in Abakaliki by Onyemelukwe et al (2003) who reported a prevalence of 12.7% and 14.6% prevalence in Tanzania by Masinde et al, 2009.…”

“…Studies on the prevalence of UTIs among pregnant women have been studied in other parts of Nigeria (Onuoha et al, 2013;Akinloye et al, 2006, Okonko et al, 2009. However no data is available from this part of the country hence the main objective of the study to determine the prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women in Amassoma, Bayelsa state and such data will be useful for the Health Ministry in policy formulation.…”

Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and its Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic at Kanpur, India

“…Alghalibi et al, [17] reported a higher prevalence of UTIs in pregnant women who were aged 21-25 years and Turpin et al, [10] reported a higher prevalence of ASB in pregnant women who were aged 35-39 years. Advanced maternal age (of ≥35years) was reported as a risk factor for asymptomatic bacteriuria [18]. The observed trend of bacteriuria in this study and reports from other studies showed that the age range of 21-40 years served as the high risk group for development of UTIs in pregnant women.…”