Astaxanthin Attenuates Adiponectin, Calprotectin, miRNA222 and miRNA378 in Obesity induced by High-Fat Diet in Rats

Abstract

Background: Astaxanthin suppressed obesity in rats fed with high-fat diet(HFD) via the restriction of adipose tissue build-out, therefore, improving insulin sensitivity and inflammation. Metformin reduces insulin resistance and may reduce weight. Aim: Investigation of the effects of astaxanthin and metformin in obesity prompted by a high-fat diet. Objective: The present article investigates the effects of astaxanthin and metformin in obesity prompted by a high-fat diet in rats through measuring miRNA222 and 378. Materials: The rats were classified into four classes containing ten albino rats each: Group I(Normal group): nourished with ordinary diet for 8weeks. Group II(Control positive): nourished with a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Group III: nourished with astaxanthin(50mg/kg)(1/40 LD50) orally plus a high-fat diet for 8weeks. Group IV: nourished with metformin (500mg/kg) orally plus a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Results: Astaxanthin and metformin have anti-obesity and antioxidant actions and significantly decreased the weight of the body, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, triglycerides and leptin, as well as plasma calprotectin & IL-6 and increased HDL-C and adiponectin. The liver TNF-αgene expression, adipose tissue miRNA222 and miRNA378 expression were decreased compared to HFD control rats. Discussion and conclusion: Astaxanthin has regulated the aberrant expression of miRNA222 and 378 that may be related to hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Accordingly, astaxanthin deserves a clinical trial in the future due to its effects on miRNAs involved in obesity.

Diet-induced gut dysbiosis and inflammation: Key drivers of obesity-driven NASH

“… 130 , 131 In the study by Cani and colleagues, increased LPS was correlated with obesity and endotoxemia-induced inflammation in mice. Corresponding with recent data, HFD ingestion elevated the levels of some intestinal inflammatory markers (e.g., calprotectin and IL-6) in rats 132 , which in separate studies was shown to exacerbate dysbiosis-induced inflammation 133 and compromise the gut barrier in mice. 134 …”

Astaxanthin attenuates glucose-induced liver injury in largemouth bass: role of p38MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways

“…Nevertheless, there was no notable disparity in the developmental progress of Oncorhynchus mykiss when exposed to a 0.05% ASX concentration [29]. A prior investigation has demonstrated that astaxanthin alleviated the obesity caused by a high-fat diet in mice [30]. CF and VSI were employed as indicators of sh fatness [31,32,33], and our ndings showed that the inclusion of astaxanthin effectively reduced the increase in CF and VSI in largemouth bass fed with HC diet.…”