Associations among high altitude, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial hyperreactivity

Oğhan, Fatih; Erdim, İbrahim

doi:10.2399/jmu.2017001006

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Also, at higher altitudes, there is a lower concentration of allergens (pollens and mites) and air pollution. 41 , 42 These observations have been reported in asthma, however, given the results per centre of AR, we consider that these observations can be extrapolated to these comorbidities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in Mexican school children: Global Asthma Network Phase I

García‐Almaráz

Reyes-Noriega

Del-Río-Navarro

et al. 2021

World Allergy Organization Journal

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Background The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) showed a wide variability in prevalence and severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), in addition to other atopic diseases (Asher et al, 2006). 1 The Global Asthma Network (GAN) has continued to study these conditions. Objective To estimate the prevalence of AR and ARC in children and adolescents in Mexico and to assess their association with different risk factors. Methods GAN Phase I is a cross-sectional, multicentre survey carried out in 15 centres corresponding to 14 Mexican cities throughout 2016–2019 using the validated Spanish language version of the GAN Phase I questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by 35 780 parents of 6–7 year old primary school pupils (children) and by 41 399 adolescents, 13–14 years old. Results The current and cumulative prevalence of AR was higher in the adolescents (26.2–37.5%, respectively) in comparison to the children (17.9–24.9%, respectively), especially in female participants. This tendency was also observed in the current prevalence of ARC, where 15.1% of female adolescents reported nasal symptoms accompanied with itchy-watery eyes in the past year. The most important risk factors for AR and ARC were the presence of wheezing in the past 12 months, wheezing in the first year of life, the previous diagnosis of asthma and eczema symptoms. Furthermore, allergic symptoms had a negative tendency concerning altitude. Conclusion This is the largest AR epidemiological study ever conducted in Mexico. It shows an increase in AR prevalence, as well as significant associations with modifiable risk factors, which could help to establish recommendations to reduce the burden of this condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in Mexican school children: Global Asthma Network Phase I

García‐Almaráz

Reyes-Noriega

Del-Río-Navarro

et al. 2021

World Allergy Organization Journal

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“…38 The hypothesis regarding altitude, besides less pollution, is that it significantly reduces the level of exhaled nitric oxide, increases blood levels of interleukin 10 (a cytokine with powerful anti-inflammatory properties) and decreases the concentration of interferon-γ, responsible for inflammation of the local airways. 39 An ISAAC Phase Three analysis of all available centres in Latin America (56 centres in 17 countries) studied the relationship between asthma symptoms and geographic characteristics in adolescents. Regarding altitude, there was a small but significant inverse correlation between altitude and asthma symptoms (r=−0.27, p=0.04).…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Asthma Network Phase I study in Mexico: prevalence of asthma symptoms, risk factors and altitude associations—a cross-sectional study

Del-Río-Navarro¹,

Berber²,

Reyes-Noriega³

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Resp Res

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BackgroundGlobal Asthma Network (GAN) was established in 2012 as a development to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood to improve asthma care globally.ObjectiveTo survey asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in primary and secondary school children and to investigate and evaluate its prevalence, severity, management and risk factors in Mexico.MethodsGAN Phase I is a cross-sectional, multicentre survey carried out in 15 centres corresponding to 14 Mexican cities throughout 2016–2019 using the validated Spanish language version of the GAN Phase I questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by parents of 6–7-year-old primary school pupils (school children) and by 13–14-year-old adolescents.ResultsA total of 35 780 school children and 41 399 adolescents participated. Wheezing ever prevalence was 26.2% (95% CI 25.8% to 26.7%) in school children and 23.9% (95% CI 23.4% to 24.3%) in adolescents. The corresponding frequencies for current wheeze were 10.2% (95% CI 9.9% to 10.5%) and 11.6% (95% CI 11.2% to 11.9%). In school children, the risk factors for current wheeze were rhinitis (OR 4.484; 95% CI 3.915% to 5.134%) and rash symptoms (OR 1.735; 95% CI 1.461% to 2.059%). For adolescents, rhinitis symptoms (OR 3.492; 95% CI 3.188% to 3.825%) and allergic rhinitis diagnosis (OR 2.144; 95% CI 1.787% to 2.572%) were the most significant. For both groups, there was a negative relation with centres’ sea level altitude higher than 1500 m above mean sea level (p<0.005).ConclusionsThe most important risk factors for asthma symptoms in both age groups were the presence of rhinitis and rash symptoms or diagnosis. On the other hand, sea level altitude higher than 1500 metres was a protective factor.

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“…Persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) is a chronic, immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated, T helper 2 (Th2)-type immune response disease, histologically characterized by intense mucosal infiltration by eosinophils, mucosal hypersecretion, and tissue remodeling [1]. Eosinophils can directly damage the epithelium of the nasal mucosa by toxic products, such as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP),…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil Chemokines and Clara Cell Protein 16 Production in Nasal Mucosa of Patients with Persistent Allergic Rhinitis

et al. 2017

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Objective: Eotaxin-2 and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) are involved in the eosinophil trafficking in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR). Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) is an anti-inflammatory protein mainly produced by the epithelial non-ciliated Clara cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of CC16 and chemokines eotaxin-2 and RANTES in nasal mucosa of patients with PAR.Materials and Methods: Twenty-one PAR patients and 20 healthy participants were included. CC16, eotaxin-2, and RANTES concentrations were measured in nasal secretions. PAR patients were administered fluticasone furoate nasal spray (220 μg daily for 14 days). We performed nasal cytology, symptom score assessment, and inflammatory mediator detection before and after the therapy.Results: The level of CC16 in patients with PAR was lower than in the healthy subjects (p=0.023). The eosinophil counts and local concentrations of eotaxin-2 and RANTES were higher in patients with PAR in comparison with controls (p=0.008, p=0.001, p=0.031, respectively). We also found a negative correlation between the CC16 and eotaxin-2 levels in nasal secretions of PAR patients (r=−0.492, p=0.023). After corticosteroid therapy, the patients with PAR had lower nasal symptoms, eosinophil counts, eotaxin-2, and RANTES levels and higher levels of CC16 (p<0.001 for all parameters). Conclusion:Our results suggest the presence of a negative correlation in production of CC16 and eotaxin-2 in nasal mucosa of patients with PAR. Intranasal corticosteroids have a suppressive effect on mucosal eosinophilic inflammation and a stimulating effect on local CC16 production.Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, chemokines, eosinophils, glucocorticoids, inflammation mediators ÖZ Amaç: Eotaksin-2 ve RANTES (aktivasyonla regüle edilen, normal T hücresi ekspresyonu ve sekresyonu) persistan alerjik riniti (PAR) olan hastalarda eozinofil göçünde yer almaktadır. Clara hücresi protein 16 (CC16) çoğunlukla sil içermeyen epitelyal hücreler tarafından üretilirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı PAR hastalarının nazal mukozasında CC16 ve eotaksin-2 ve RANTES kemokinlerinin üretimini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler:Çalışmaya 21 PAR hastası ve 20 sağlıklı katılımcı dahil edildi. Nazal sekresyonlardaki CC16, eotaksin-2 ve RANTES seviyeleri ölçüldü. PAR hastalarına flutikazon furoat nazal sprey uygulandı (14 gün boyunca günlük 220 μg doz). Tedavi öncesi ve sonrasında, nazal sitoloji, semptom skoru değerlendirmesi ve inflamatuar mediyatör taraması yapıldı.Bulgular: CC16 seviyesi PAR hastalarında sağlıklı deneklere kıyasla daha düşük bulundu (p=0,023). Kontrollere göre, eozinofil sayıları ve lokal eotaksin-2 ve RANTES seviyeleri PAR hastalarında daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0,008, p=0,001, p=0,031). Ayrıca PAR hastalarının nazal sekresyonlarında CC16 ile eotaksin-2 düzeyleri arasında negatif bir korelasyon bulundu (r=-0,492, p=0,023). Kortikosteroid tedavisi sonrasında, PAR hastalarında daha düşük nazal semptomlar, eozinofil sayıları, eotaksin-...

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Associations among high altitude, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial hyperreactivity

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in Mexican school children: Global Asthma Network Phase I

Prevalence and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in Mexican school children: Global Asthma Network Phase I

Global Asthma Network Phase I study in Mexico: prevalence of asthma symptoms, risk factors and altitude associations—a cross-sectional study

Eosinophil Chemokines and Clara Cell Protein 16 Production in Nasal Mucosa of Patients with Persistent Allergic Rhinitis

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