Prevalence and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in Mexican school children: Global Asthma Network Phase I

Abstract

Background The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) showed a wide variability in prevalence and severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), in addition to other atopic diseases (Asher et al, 2006). 1 The Global Asthma Network (GAN) has continued to study these conditions. Objective To estimate the prevalence of AR and ARC in children and adolescents in Mexico and to assess their association with different risk factors. Methods GAN Phase I is a cross-sectional, multicentre survey carried out in 15 centres corresponding to 14 Mexican cities throughout 2016–2019 using the validated Spanish language version of the GAN Phase I questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by 35 780 parents of 6–7 year old primary school pupils (children) and by 41 399 adolescents, 13–14 years old. Results The current and cumulative prevalence of AR was higher in the adolescents (26.2–37.5%, respectively) in comparison to the children (17.9–24.9%, respectively), especially in female participants. This tendency was also observed in the current prevalence of ARC, where 15.1% of female adolescents reported nasal symptoms accompanied with itchy-watery eyes in the past year. The most important risk factors for AR and ARC were the presence of wheezing in the past 12 months, wheezing in the first year of life, the previous diagnosis of asthma and eczema symptoms. Furthermore, allergic symptoms had a negative tendency concerning altitude. Conclusion This is the largest AR epidemiological study ever conducted in Mexico. It shows an increase in AR prevalence, as well as significant associations with modifiable risk factors, which could help to establish recommendations to reduce the burden of this condition.

The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema among school‐aged children in Qatar: A Global Asthma Network Study

“…13 The rates of allergic rhinitis reported in our study are lower than those found in a UAE study (46.5% for 6-7 years, 51.3% for 13-14 years), 14 but eczema rates were higher in our study (12.9% for 6-7 years, 14.6% for 13-14 years). 14 A study from Mexico reported a rate of 26.2%-37.5% and 17.9%-24.9% for current and cumulative prevalence of allergic rhinitis among adolescents and children, respectively, 15 while another study reported a 36.2% prevalence rate for cumulative allergic rhinitis among primary school children in Hungary. 16 From China, a total prevalence of allergic rhinitis among school children ranged from (4%-24%) in a study that covered five cities in the Hubei Province.…”

Identification of Robust Biomarkers for Early Predicting Efficacy of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Children With House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Rhinitis by Multiple Cytokine Profiling

“…AIT can be performed by subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT), and growing evidences proved that SCIT was better than SLIT in controlling allergic symptoms, improving compliance and reducing rescue medication consumption (13,14). Although SCIT is a suitable treatment for pediatric AR, not all children respond to this therapy, and the efficacy always fluctuates across users (15)(16)(17). Therefore, to identify and validate potentially important laboratory predictors for SCIT response may play a pivotal role on SCIT treatment for pediatric AR patients.…”

The Role of Noncoding RNA in Airway Allergic Diseases through Regulation of T Cell Subsets

“…Airway allergic diseases' main pathological features are the inflammatory response of the airway mucosa and airway tissue remodeling when individuals are exposed to airborne allergens, resulting in the involvement of multiple immune cells and the release of inflammatory mediators [1][2][3]. In recent years, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased globally yearly, with the intensification of environmental pollution, which seriously adversely affects people's quality of life and learning [4,5]. The occurrence of AS and AR results from a combination of factors, including individual differences, genetic inheritance, environmental exposure, and growth and development, all of which may be closely related to the onset of the disease.…”