Abstract:Music is listened in all cultures. We hypothesize that willingness to produce and perceive sound and music is social communication that needs musical aptitude. Here, listening to music was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire and musical aptitude using the auditory structuring ability test (Karma Music test) and Carl Seashores tests for pitch and for time. Three highly polymorphic microsatellite markers (RS3, RS1 and AVR) of the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A) gene, previously associated with soc… Show more
“…Because also vasopressin has strong connections with sociality [59], spatial and social memory [60,61], as well as with higher cognitive functions such as memory and learning in humans and other mammals [62], a series of studies started to investigate the role of vasopressin also in human music and dance. Such a coalition has been reported in several studies: the gene responsible for vasopressin receptor, AVPR1a, was associated with the dance phenotype [63], musical short-term memory [64], musical skills [65], and lifelong active listening to music [66]. Similarly, intranasal administration of vasopressin increased musical short-term memory performances [67].…”
Section: Vasopressin Courtship and Musicmentioning
“…Because also vasopressin has strong connections with sociality [59], spatial and social memory [60,61], as well as with higher cognitive functions such as memory and learning in humans and other mammals [62], a series of studies started to investigate the role of vasopressin also in human music and dance. Such a coalition has been reported in several studies: the gene responsible for vasopressin receptor, AVPR1a, was associated with the dance phenotype [63], musical short-term memory [64], musical skills [65], and lifelong active listening to music [66]. Similarly, intranasal administration of vasopressin increased musical short-term memory performances [67].…”
Section: Vasopressin Courtship and Musicmentioning
“…1 In another association study involving AVPR1A and SLC6A4 polymorphisms, Ukkola-Vuoti et al (2011) investigated the music listening habits of 31 Finnish families using surveys. Family-based association analysis revealed positive associations between AVPR1A haplotypes and active music listening.…”
Music is an integral part of the cultural heritage of all known human societies, with the capacity for music perception and production present in most people. Researchers generally agree that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the broader realization of music ability, with the degree of music aptitude varying, not only from individual to individual, but across various components of music ability within the same individual. While environmental factors influencing music development and expertise have been well investigated in the psychological and music literature, the interrogation of possible genetic influences has not progressed at the same rate. Recent advances in genetic research offer fertile ground for exploring the genetic basis of music ability. This paper begins with a brief overview of behavioral and molecular genetic approaches commonly used in human genetic analyses, and then critically reviews the key findings of genetic investigations of the components of music ability. Some promising and converging findings have emerged, with several loci on chromosome 4 implicated in singing and music perception, and certain loci on chromosome 8q implicated in absolute pitch and music perception. The gene AVPR1A on chromosome 12q has also been implicated in music perception, music memory, and music listening, whereas SLC6A4 on chromosome 17q has been associated with music memory and choir participation. Replication of these results in alternate populations and with larger samples is warranted to confirm the findings. Through increased research efforts, a clearer picture of the genetic mechanisms underpinning music ability will hopefully emerge.
“…Furthermore, this process may feed into intergenerational cultural transmission entailing musical as well as general cultural values. Another study showed that music listening was associated with neurobiological pathways affecting social affiliation and communication (Ukkola-Vuoti et al, 2011). In a family-based association analysis of Finnish families, the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A) gene haplotypes were positively associated with active current and lifelong listening to music.…”
Families are central to the social and emotional development of youth, and most families engage in musical activities together, such as listening to music or talking about their favorite songs. However, empirical evidence of the positive effects of musical family rituals on social cohesion and emotional well-being is scarce. Furthermore, the role of culture in the shaping of musical family rituals and their psychological benefits has been neglected entirely. This paper investigates musical rituals in families and in peer groups (as an important secondary socialization context) in two traditional/collectivistic and two secular/individualistic cultures, and across two developmental stages (adolescence vs. young adulthood). Based on cross-sectional data from 760 young people in Kenya, the Philippines, New Zealand, and Germany, our study revealed that across cultures music listening in families and in peer groups contributes to family and peer cohesion, respectively. Furthermore, the direct contribution of music in peer groups on well-being appears across cultural contexts, whereas musical family rituals affect emotional well-being in more traditional/collectivistic contexts. Developmental analyses show that musical family rituals are consistently and strongly related to family cohesion across developmental stages, whereas musical rituals in peer groups appear more dependent on the developmental stage (in interaction with culture). Contributing to developmental as well as cross-cultural psychology, this research elucidated musical rituals and their positive effects on the emotional and social development of young people across cultures. The implications for future research and family interventions are discussed.
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