Association of Sleep Duration and Self-Reported Insomnia Symptoms with Metabolic Syndrome Components among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Abstract

The study aimed to explore the association between sleep duration, insomnia symptoms and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged and older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in five community health centers and physical check-up centers of two comprehensive hospitals in Guangdong. We recruited 1252 participants (658 female), aged 40–96 years and with a body mass index (BMI) of 16.26–35.56 kg/m2. MetS was assessed based on the guidelines of the International Diabetes Federation. Self-reported sleep duration was evaluated by a simplified questionnaire. Compared with the participants who slept 6–8 h/day, those who slept shorter (<6 h/day) or longer (>8 h/day) periods of time with or without insomnia symptoms had significantly increased odds ratios (ORs) of high blood pressure (except for the SBP in model 2) and high triglycerides (TGs) in all models (p < 0.05), whereas the participants who slept longer (>8 h/day) or shorter (<6 h/day) periods of time with insomnia symptoms had significantly increased ORs of low HDL-C in all models (p < 0.05), but non-significant in those without insomnia symptoms. BMI is significant for insomnia symptoms but not for sleep duration. Our study indicated that the association of sleep duration with MetS components was partially associated with insomnia symptoms. These findings have significant implications to explore the appropriate sleep duration for adults.

Associations between Components of Metabolic Syndrome and Demographic, Nutritional, and Lifestyle Factors

“…Our fnding of a negative association between sleeping hours and blood pressure is in line with current evidence on the impact of sleep on MetS [26,27]. Sleep duration infuences blood pressure through hormonal imbalances, increased adiposity, metabolic dysfunction, and circadian rhythm disturbances [28].…”

Nonrestorative sleep is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in the general Japanese population

“…Regarding cross-sectional studies, a United States cross-sectional study of 210 middle-aged individuals demonstrated that poorer sleep quality, evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, was associated with higher odds of having MetS [ 23 ]. A Chinese cross-sectional study of 1252 individuals showed that insomnia symptoms, including NRS, were associated with MetS-related conditions, such as high blood pressure, high TG level, and low HDL-C level [ 24 ]. Although previous studies have used NRS as a sleep problem for sub-analysis, this study treated NRS as the main explanatory variable.…”

Association of coffee consumption pattern and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older adults: A cross-sectional study

“…BP was measured by a sphygmomanometer (Yu yue, YJ100002, Jiangsu, China) on the right arm after the individual had been supine for at least 20 min, and the mean value of three times record was used. Biochemical assessment variables including FBG, HDL-C, TG, and 2 h post-load glucose (2hPG) were assessed using a semi-automated analyzer (Sysmex 100 XN-3000, Tokyo, Japan) enzymatically after fasting for at least 8 h. Furthermore, a detailed data collection process was reported elsewhere ( 27 ).…”