Association of postpartum depression and cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Moameri, Hossein; Ostadghaderi, Mohsen; Khatooni, Elham; Doosti-Irani, Amin

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2019.02.009

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…19 36 39 40 Two meta-analyses clearly showed increased risk due to caesarean section. 41 42 However, most of the studies were small and from a single institution. Only two studies reported a higher risk with vaginal delivery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of difference in postpartum depression among caesarean and vaginally delivered women at 6-week follow-up in hospitals in Pune District, India: an observational cohort study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo compare the proportion of postpartum depression at 6 weeks among women who had caesarean delivery and women who had vaginal delivery and to assess its association with some sociodemographic factors.DesignThis is a descriptive comparative study with prospective enrolment. We followed the enrolled women and assessed them for postpartum depression 6 weeks after delivery.SettingWe conducted the study in Pune District, India from July 2017 to December 2018. The study sites were all non-teaching government hospitals performing five or more caesarean sections per month and two teaching hospitals: one government and one private.ParticipantsWe included in the study group women who have undergone caesarean section in the participating hospitals and were residents of Pune District. Women who delivered vaginally and matched in age and parity were included in the comparison group. We followed 1556 women in each group.Main outcome measuresAn Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 10 or more for each woman was the primary outcome. χ2 test and multivariable binary logistic regression were performed to assess the effect of mode of delivery on postpartum depression.ResultsThe proportion of postpartum depression at 6 weeks was 3.79% among women who had caesarean delivery and 2.35% among those who had vaginal delivery (χ2=4.50, p=0.03). The adjusted OR was 1.86 (95% CI 1.14 to 3.03). Women of age less than 25 years had higher risk of postpartum depression. The adjusted OR was 2.10 (95% CI 1.21 to 3.65). The study did not observe any association between postpartum depression and income, education, occupation or sex of the newborn child.ConclusionsWe conclude that young women particularly those who had caesarean delivery should be screened 6 weeks after delivery.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of difference in postpartum depression among caesarean and vaginally delivered women at 6-week follow-up in hospitals in Pune District, India: an observational cohort study

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No entanto, os resultados se tornaram não significativos após o controle dos níveis de sofrimento pré-natal. Por fim, as mulheres que realizaram parto cesáreo apresentaram níveis mais elevados de estresse, ansiedade e depressão pré-natal em relação às mulheres que não realizaram o procedimento (MOAMERI H, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Fatores De Risco Para Depressão Pós-partounclassified

“…É inegável a importância obstétrica da cesárea, procedimento que já salvou milhares de mães e recémnascidos. Nesta perspectiva, com os avanços tecnológicos e sociais, a cesárea passou de uma operação obstétrica específica para emergências para um modo relativamente comum de concepção humana (CHEN HH, et al, 2017;MOAMERI H, et al, 2019). As taxas de realização desse procedimento em todo o mundo são crescentes, excedendo em muitos locais 20% do total de partos, taxa significativamente maior do que a taxa de 15% considerada a mais alta aceitável pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) (CHANG SR, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Entretanto, a realização desta sem indicação médica pode acarretar complicações para a mãe e para o recém-nascido, tais quais problemas no sistema imune do recém-nascido (RN), redução da fertilidade materna, aumento das chances de aborto espontâneo e, por fim, aumento da chance de quadros de ansiedade e depressão pós-parto (DPP) (CHANG SR, et al, 2015;MOAMERI H, et al, 2019). A DPP é um distúrbio do humor com efeitos agudos ou crônicos e que tem impacto não apenas sobre a saúde da mulher, mas também sobre suas famílias e sobre a sociedade na qual está inserida (SADAT Z, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cesárea e depressão pós-parto: uma revisão dos fatores de risco

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Este artigo buscou analisar, por meio de revisão de literatura, a inter-relação entre parto cesariano e depressão pós-parto, avaliando causas, fatores de risco e reflexos. A depressão pós-parto é um distúrbio mental que afeta entre 10 e 20% da mulher e é observada, sobretudo, em gestante que experimentaram sintomas relacionados ao estresse, à ansiedade e à depressão, podendo também estar associado a condições sociais. A cesárea está associada a alterações biológicas no corpo da mãe, como variação do nível sérico de hormônios, de prolactina e de interleucina-6, a hemorragia, além de sensações de medo e dor. Mulheres primíparas, sobretudo com mais de 30 anos de idade, correm maior risco de apresentarem depressão pós-parto, assim como aquelas que tiveram uma gravidez indesejada ou não intencional. Além das repercussões do quadro depressivo para a mulher, o que inclui ideações suicidas e alterações na função sexual, há maior risco de infanticídio, atraso no desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação do bebê e aumento nos gastos com saúde. Assim, verificou-se a necessidade de a depressão pós-parto ser considerada por clínicos, visto que pode surgir antes ou depois do parto, ressaltando a importância da avaliação precoce, a qual pode incluir intervenções psicológicas, farmacológicas e hormonais.

show abstract

“…One large birth cohort found no association between mode of delivery and postnatal emotional distress 1 and findings from the United Kingdom's Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children suggested elective caesarean section (ELCS) was not protective for postnatal depression 2 and that women who undergo emergency caesarean section (EMCS) may be reassured regarding their additional risk of postnatal depression. However, one meta‐analysis showed caesarean section to be a weak risk factor for postnatal depression 3 . Similarly, the consequences of emergency caesarean may increase the risk of postnatal depression 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between caesarean and postnatal psychological distress: Effect modification by mental health history

Henderson

Quenby

2021

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The association between mode of delivery and postnatal depression is uncertain. Mental health history may modify the association. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether the association between caesarean and postnatal psychological distress (PPD) differs according to long‐standing depression/anxiety. Methods Analysis of the UK‐based Millennium Cohort Study of women who gave birth 2000–2002 was carried out. The outcomes were PPD at 9 months by Rutter Malaise Inventory and actively treated physician‐diagnosed depression/severe anxiety at 3 years. The exposure was mode of delivery. Adjusted relative risks were estimated using Poisson regression. Effect modification according to long‐standing depression/anxiety was investigated multiplicatively and additively. Results We included 15,936 women, of whom 2346 (13.4%, weighted) reported PPD. Women with long‐standing depression/anxiety were at 34% lower risk of PPD following elective caesarean, compared with vaginal birth: relative risk (RR) 4.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.76, 5.05), RR 3.25 (95% CI 2.23, 4.75) and RR 4.92 (95% CI 3.67, 6.59) for vaginal, elective and emergency caesarean births, respectively, with relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) −1.28 (95% CI −2.73, 0.16), ratio of RRs 0.66 (95% CI 0.42, 1.05). Women with long‐standing depression/anxiety were at greatest risk of later treatment following emergency caesarean, with RR 4.95 (95% CI 3.86, 6.34), RR 4.09 (95% CI 2.51, 6.65) and RR 6.74 (95% CI 4.87, 9.32), for vaginal, elective and emergency caesarean births, respectively; RERI 1.79 (95% CI −0.13, 3.71), ratio of RRs 1.36 (95% CI 0.94, 1.99); all RRs with reference to vaginal birth in the absence of long‐standing depression/anxiety. There was no evidence of a similar association between emergency caesarean and PPD nor elective caesarean and later treatment. Conclusions Women with long‐standing depression or anxiety who had elective caesarean had a lower risk of postnatal distress. When this group had emergency caesarean, there was greater risk of actively treated depression/anxiety at 3 years. These associations were not observed in women without long‐standing depression/anxiety.

show abstract

Association of postpartum depression and cesarean section: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Assessment of difference in postpartum depression among caesarean and vaginally delivered women at 6-week follow-up in hospitals in Pune District, India: an observational cohort study

Assessment of difference in postpartum depression among caesarean and vaginally delivered women at 6-week follow-up in hospitals in Pune District, India: an observational cohort study

Cesárea e depressão pós-parto: uma revisão dos fatores de risco

The association between caesarean and postnatal psychological distress: Effect modification by mental health history

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About