2013
DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.755170
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Association of maternal diseases during pregnancy with the risk of single ventricular septal defects in the offspring – a population-based case-control study

Abstract: High-fever-related maternal diseases may have a role in the origin of VSD which is preventable with antifever drug therapy, and the high doses of folic acid in early pregnancy reduced the risk of VSD.

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Cited by 13 publications
(10 citation statements)
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“…All of the studies were published between 1995 and 2013. These studies included 1 randomized controlled trial 8 , 1 cohort study 9 , and 16 case-control studies 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 . The main characteristics of the included studies are presented in Table 1 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All of the studies were published between 1995 and 2013. These studies included 1 randomized controlled trial 8 , 1 cohort study 9 , and 16 case-control studies 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 . The main characteristics of the included studies are presented in Table 1 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fetal damage also occurs in the absence of direct influenza virus infection of the fetus [ 50 , 51 ]. Indirect mechanisms of fetal damage include hypoxia secondary to viral pneumonia in the mother, fever, changes in maternal pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and chemokines (CXCL8, CXCL10) compared to healthy pregnant women [ 9 , 10 , 52 , 53 ]. Finally, maternal infections are suspected to cause epigenetic changes in the DNA of the placenta and fetus perhaps decreasing the expression of key genes necessary for healthy development and competent immune responses [ 54 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Data collected regarding the health of pregnant women and their infants during the 2009 influenza pandemic has since confirmed the negative impact of maternal influenza infections on children [ 4 , 5 ]. Specifically, the link between maternal influenza infections with pre-term birth, low birth weight, congenital defects of the heart, cardiovascular disease as adults, and neurologic/behavioral abnormalities such as schizophrenia has been established [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Emerging data suggest that affected infants are also at risk for immune-related diseases, such as asthma or type 1 diabetes; however, the effects of maternal influenza A virus infection on the immune system of infants and children has not been extensively explored [ 7 , 13 , 14 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar but milder intrauterine fetal growth restriction was observed in the fetuses with VSD of non-drinking and non-smoking mothers as well. Maternal diseases and related drug treatments are analyzed in another study [20] without any reasonable association with higher risk of intrauterine growth restriction, (iii) The VSD and intrauterine growth restriction as two developmental errors may have a common route, mainly in males and full-term or average weighted babies. Recently the association of some gene polymorphisms with fetal growth and birth weight was shown [39], thus it would be interesting to test the effect of these gene variants in the origin of VSD.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The possible effects of acute and chronic maternal diseases and related drug treatments in the origin of VSD are published in a separate paper [20].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%