Association of Double-Stranded RNA with Low Virulence in an Isolate of<i>Leucostoma persoonii</i>

Hammar, Sue A.

doi:10.1094/phyto-79-568

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…cinerea into a weak pathogen [38], confirming the importance of this enzyme in the virulence of this fungus [40]. Both the laccase activity and sporulation rate are physiological parameters that have been used as virulence parameters in other dsRNA-containing phytopathogenic fungi [34,41,42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wild-type Botrytis cinerea strain co-infected by double-stranded RNA mycoviruses presents hypovirulence-associated traits

Potgieter

Castillo

Castro

et al. 2013

Virol J

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BackgroundBotrytis cinerea CCg378 is a wild-type strain infected with two types of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) mycoviruses and which presents hypovirulence-associated traits. The objectives of the present study were to characterize the mycoviruses and investigate their relationship with the low virulence degree of the fungal host.ResultsB. cinerea CCg378 contains five dsRNA molecules that are associated with two different types of isometric viral particles of 32 and 23 nm in diameter, formed by structural polypeptides of 70-kDa and 48-kDa, respectively.The transfection of spheroplasts of a virus-free strain, B. cinerea CKg54, with viral particles purified from the CCg378 strain revealed that the 2.2-kbp dsRNAs have no dependency on the smaller molecules for its stable maintenance in the fungal cytoplasm, because a fungal clone that only contains the 2.2-kbp dsRNAs associated with the 32-nm particles was obtained, which we named B. cinerea CKg54vi378. One of the 2.2 kbpdsRNA segments (2219 bp) was sequenced and corresponds to the gene encoding the capsid protein of B. cinerea CCg378 virus 1 (Bc378V1), a putative new member of the Partitiviridae family.Furthermore, physiological parameters related to the degree of virulence of the fungus, such as the sporulation rate and laccase activity, were lower in B. cinerea CCg378 and B. cinerea CKg54vi378 than in B. cinerea CKg54. Additionally, bioassays performed on grapevine leaves showed that the CCg378 and CKg54vi378 strains presented a lower degree of invasiveness on the plant tissue than the CKg54 strain.ConclusionsThe results show that B. cinerea CCg378 is coinfected by two mycoviruses and that the 2.2-kbp dsRNAs correspond to the 32-nm mycovirus genome, which would be a new member of the Partitiviridae family as it has the typical pattern of partitiviruses. On the other hand, the results suggest that the hypovirulence of B. cinerea CCg378 could be conferred by both mycoviruses, since the fungal clone B. cinerea CKg54vi378 presents an intermediate virulence between the CKg54 and CCg378 strains. Therefore, the putative partitivirus would be partially contributing to the hypovirulence phenotype of the CCg378 strain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A wild-type Botrytis cinerea strain co-infected by double-stranded RNA mycoviruses presents hypovirulence-associated traits

Potgieter

Castillo

Castro

et al. 2013

Virol J

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“…Hypovirulence is the ability to reduce virulence in specific isolates infected with a mycovirus or dsRNA (Nuss and Koltin 1990). A hypovirulence factor is increasingly reported as a biocontrol agent for many fungal pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia solani (Castanho and Butler 1978), Fusarium graminearum (Chu et al 2002), Leucostoma persoonii (Hammar et al 1989), Helminthosporium victoriae (Huang and Ghabrial 1996), Cryphonectria parasitica (Nuss 1992), Ophiostoma ulmi (Rogers and Buck 1986), Diaporthe ambigua (Smit et al 1996), and Sclerotinia homoeocarpa (Zhou and Boland 1997). Most dsRNAs are, however, neutral toward their hosts (Buck 1986) or their function is unknown because they are difficult to eliminate (Kilic and Griffin 1998;Oh and Hillman 1995;Robinson and Deacon 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypovirulent strain of the violet root rot fungus Helicobasidium mompa

Ikeda

Nakamura

Matsumoto

2003

Journal of General Plant Pathology

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The hyphal tip was isolated from 13 weakly or moderately virulent strains of Helicobasidium mompa to remove double-stranded (ds) RNAs and demonstrate their role as the hypovirulence factor. All of 829 hyphal tip subcultures retained dsRNAs. However, strain v670 containing two large fragments (Ͼ10 kb) and one small fragment (ca. 2.3 kb) of dsRNA lost the largest fragment in 3 of 63 subcultures analyzed. One of the three subcultures (v670hti) was used to inoculate carrots to regain virulence compared to the parental strain v670. When isolate v670hti was paired with v670, the largest fragment was reintroduced to v670hti, and its virulence was diminished. Northern blot analysis with two probes hybridizing dsRNA fragments in most H. mompa strains revealed that the largest fragment involved in hypovirulence was different from two other fragments that are common in Japan. These results indicate that the largest dsRNA fragment in strain v670 is associated with hypovirulence in H. mompa.

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“…In several plant pathogenic fungi, double-stranded (ds) RNA viruses that reduce the virulence of host fungi have been discovered (Anagnostakis and Day 1979;Hammar et al 1989;Smit et al 1996;Jian et al 1997), and phytopathologists have taken advantage of such dsRNA viruses to control chestnut blight (Anagnostakis 1982). Application of hypovirulence-associated dsRNA viruses to control violet root rot has been proposed (Matsumoto 1998), and such dsRNA viruses have been searched for intensively in H. mompa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmissibility of viral double-stranded RNA between strains of the violet root rot fungus Helicobasidium mompa and the potential for viral dsRNA infection to this fungus using monokaryotic strains

et al. 2003

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Transmissibility of viral double-stranded RNA between strains of the violet root rot fungus Helicobasidium mompa and the potential for viral dsRNA infection to this fungus using monokaryotic strains Abstract To examine the potential of a method of doublestranded (ds) RNA infection to Helicobasidium mompa, the transmissibility of dsRNA between strains of this fungus was investigated. Strain V70 was used as a dsRNA donor. The dsRNA recipients were six strains that were mycelially incompatible with V70, plus two monokaryotic strains. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis suggested that the mycelially incompatible strains were genetically different mutually; however, the analysis also suggested that V70 was genetically homogeneous with the two monokaryotic strains. When V70 was paired with either of the mycelially incompatible strains, the dsRNAs did not transmit to the recipients at all. When V70 was paired with the two monokaryotic strains, the dsRNAs were transmitted to the monokaryotic strains. The two monokaryotic strains, which had acquired dsRNAs from V70 in the previous experiment, were used as new dsRNA donors in a next experiment so that we could investigate dsRNA transmission from these monokaryotic strains to the six strains used in the previous experiment. One of the monokaryotic strains permitted dsRNA transmission to two of the six recipients. We conclude that we can infect genetically different strains of H. mompa with dsRNA using the monokaryotic strains.

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Association of Double-Stranded RNA with Low Virulence in an Isolate ofLeucostoma persoonii

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

A wild-type Botrytis cinerea strain co-infected by double-stranded RNA mycoviruses presents hypovirulence-associated traits

A wild-type Botrytis cinerea strain co-infected by double-stranded RNA mycoviruses presents hypovirulence-associated traits

Hypovirulent strain of the violet root rot fungus Helicobasidium mompa

Transmissibility of viral double-stranded RNA between strains of the violet root rot fungus Helicobasidium mompa and the potential for viral dsRNA infection to this fungus using monokaryotic strains

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