Association of adenovirus 36 infection and obesity; An updated meta‐analysis of community‐based studies

Abstract

As a health problem, obesity has several risk factors; it has been suggested that human adenovirus type 36 (HAdV-36) infections may possibly be associated with obesity. This updated meta-analysis was designed and conducted with an emphasis on articles published from 2015 to 2020. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched up to 1 December 2020. Overall, pooled prevalence and odds ratio of antibodies against HAdV-36 in people with obesity and controls was assessed among different ages. Case-control and cohort studies were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of HAdV-36 infection in obese population was 31% (CI: 0.24%-0.38%) which was 32% in cases and 27% in controls, respectively; a significant association was found between the cases and the controls (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.39-2.43), especially in children younger than 18 years of age (OR, 2.44; 95% CI,. A significant association between adenovirus infection and obesity was found, especially in adolescents. K E Y W O R D Shuman adenovirus type 36, meta-analysis, obesity | INTRODUCTIONObesity is a multifactorial and complicated problem that has a devastating impact on health. 1 Many research studies have shown that obesity caused a higher chance of hyperlipidaemia, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension and decreased life expectancy. [2][3][4][5] There are several different interpretations for obesity but generally defined by the presence of excess body fat

Presence of human adenovirus 36 in visceral fat tissue, viral load, and analysis of its genetic variability

“…In agreement with previous studies, [13][14][15]21 our results strengthen the need to continue studying the molecular mechanisms involved in infectobesity, particularly the host-pathogen relationship, in accordance with other authors. 39,43 In light of our results, we consider it important to reconsider whether Ad36 infection is truly a low-risk factor for developing obesity.…”

“…12 Some recent systematic reviews have found strong evidence suggesting a positive association between Ad36 infection and obesity. [13][14][15] Ad36 is the only virus that has been related to obesity in humans, 6 assuming that the presence of peripheral IgGs against Ad36 as indirect evidence of infection. 13,16,17 Since the description of Ad36 in the 1980s when the obesity epidemic increased in such a way that in many countries it was the main health problem, the term infectobesity (obesity associated with microorganisms and changes in metabolic functions) was adopted; it includes both bacterial and viral agents.…”

Global molecular prevalence and genotype distribution of Sapovirus in children with gastrointestinal complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Some previous comprehensive studies have measured the prevalence of viruses and their association with non-communicable disease especially gastrointestinal complications. [194][195][196][197][198] According to our results, the overall pooled prevalence of SaV infection among children with AGE 3.4%. Also, analysis of 20 included case-control studies showed a higher prevalence of SaV infection is found in the case of children with AGE (7.5%) than healthy or asymptomatic controls (4.5%).…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first systematic review and meta‐analysis on the global prevalence and genotyping of SaV. Some previous comprehensive studies have measured the prevalence of viruses and their association with non‐communicable disease especially gastrointestinal complications 194–198 . According to our results, the overall pooled prevalence of SaV infection among children with AGE 3.4%.…”

An annoying enteric virus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of human astroviruses and gastrointestinal complications in children

“…Some pathogens are involved in the development of AGE, of which, viruses are responsible for about 70% of cases 2,3 . Rotavirus (RoV), Norovirus (NoV), Enteric Adenovirus (EAdV), Human Astrovirus (HAstV), and Sapovirus (SaV) are the most well‐known viruses in the development of AGE 1,4,5 . In addition, some emerging viruses were recently isolated from faecal samples of patients with AGE.…”