Global molecular prevalence and genotype distribution of Sapovirus in children with gastrointestinal complications: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Sapovirus (SaV) is an emerging cause of children gastrointestinal complications such as acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The aim of the present systematic review and metaanalysis was to estimate the global prevalence of the SaV in children and association of infection with SaVs and AGE in children based on case-control studies. Four international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences and Google Scholar) were used to retrieve English-language studies published between January 2000 and December 2020. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was applied to estimate the overall prevalence, publication bias and heterogeneity index. The pooled prevalence of SaV infection among children with gastroenteritis was 3.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.9%-3.9%] based on a random-effects meta-analysis.Genogroup I was the dominant genogroup of SaV in children with gastroenteritis [2.2% (95% CI: 1.6%-3.0%)], association analysis showed that SaV was associated with gastroenteritis [OR: 1.843 (95% CI: 1.27-2.66)]. Given the significant prevalence of the virus in children, it is necessary to pay more attention to this situation.Therefore, preventive health measures in children should be a priority.

Global Status of Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Saffold Virus in Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Rapid progressions in sequencing technologies, bioinformatics, and metagenomic have led to the discovery of new viruses in recent years. However, while some studies stated the isolation of new viruses from fecal samples of patients with GE, there is still no solid evidence of the association of these viruses with GE ( 4 , 52 , 53 ). They are often neglected in epidemiological studies as they cause milder or asymptomatic infection, and researchers have a higher tendency to detect common enteric viruses and other infectious agents in patients with GE ( 54 – 56 ).…”

“…While GE is known as a prevalent disease in children younger than 5 years of age and common enteric viruses such as RoV and NoV are mostly found in this age group ( 64 , 65 ), interestingly, our analysis showed that these viruses are more prevalent in older patients. These results might be due to reason that outdoor activities further expose people to viral agents ( 52 ).…”

Partial Analysis of the Capsid Protein (VP1) of Human Sapovirus Isolated from Children with Diarrhoea in Rural Communities of South Africa

“…Human sapovirus (SV) as one of the leading causative agents of diarrhoea in young children is becoming notable worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. Information on the distribution of SV genotypes can give insights into the patterns of probable transmission, immunity amongst exposed people, relevant diagnosis of the circulating strains, and development of vaccine to regulate or eradicate virulent strains [ 3 ].…”

“…Information on the distribution of SV genotypes can give insights into the patterns of probable transmission, immunity amongst exposed people, relevant diagnosis of the circulating strains, and development of vaccine to regulate or eradicate virulent strains [ 3 ]. Human SV has four well-known genogroups, namely, genogroups I, II, IV, and V. Although SV-GI is the most detected genogroup followed by SV-GII, these genogroups are commonly associated with acute gastroenteritis across age groups and often detected in infants [ 2 , 4 – 8 ]. There are few studies on the detection of human SV in South Africa which have been reported in different settings, that is, on rural outpatients [ 9 ], in a longitudinal study [ 10 ], on urban hospitalized children [ 11 , 12 ], and on all age groups [ 13 ].…”

“…Therefore, analysis of this protein may play a role in proper understanding of the diversity of strains that are circulating, for epidemiological surveillance to monitor emerging strains and controlling of pathogens posing serious illness among people. The detections of human SV have been reported worldwide, but mostly targeting a short sequence at the conserved RdRp/VP1 junction region of these viruses [ 2 , 15 ]. This study aimed at reporting on the identification of human SV targeting a larger conserved region of the capsid protein (VP1).…”