Association between healthy lifestyle score and breast cancer

Abstract

Background: Majority of earlier studies have assessed the association between individual lifestyle factors and the risk of breast cancer (BC); however, limited information is available linking the whole lifestyle factors to BC. We aimed to examine the association between combined lifestyle score (diet, physical activity (PA) and smoking) and risk of BC in Iranian population. Methods: This population-based case-control study included 350 newly diagnosed cases of BC and 700 healthy controls randomly selected from adult women. Dietary intakes, PA and smoking status of study participants were examined using validated questionnaires. The lifestyle risk factors examined in this study included cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010). The lifestyle score ranged from zero (nonhealthy) to 3 (most healthy) points. Logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the association between combined lifestyle scores and odds of BC. Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) of study participants were 62.4 years and 24.3 kg/m 2 , respectively. In the whole study population, individuals with the highest healthy lifestyle score (HLS) were 0.38 times less likely to have BC than those with the lowest score (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.93, P trend = 0.01). The analysis by menopausal status showed that postmenopausal women with the highest HLS had 44% lower odds of BC compared with those with the lowest score (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.88, P trend = 0.004). Such association was not seen in premenopausal women. After analyzing each component of HLS, we found that individuals with the highest HEI score were 46% less likely to have BC than those with the lowest score (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.82, P trend < 0.001). No other significant associations were found between PA and smoking and risk of BC. Conclusions: Significant inverse associations were found between HLS and HEI with BC especially among postmenopausal women. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Healthy eating index-2015 and breast cancer: a case-control study

“…In contrast to our finding, the results of recent case-control studies conducted in Iran indicated that HEI-2010 score was inversely associated with lower BC incidence in premenopausal (Sedaghat et al, 2018) and postmenopausal (Ghosn et al, 2020) women. However, they used the older version of HEI (HEI-2010) to assessment of dietary quality.…”

“…Several researches have conducted to investigate the association of dietary quality and BC risk but their findings are still controversial (Kojima et al, 2017;Cade et al, 2011;Previato et al, 2015;Shahril et al, 2013;Dela Cruz et al, 2020;Ghosn et al, 2020;Petimar et al, 2019;Sedaghat et al, 2018). A cohort of 33,731 British women proposed that WHO HDI and Mediterranean dietary pattern were not associated with the risk of BC (Cade et al, 2011).…”

“…With evaluating the HEI-2010 score of 136 cases with BC and 272 controls, they proposed that higher HEI-2010 score only was linked to lower BC incidence in premenopausal women and none of the components scores of HEI-2010 was associated with BC risk (Sedaghat et al, 2018). In contrast, another case-control study of 350 newly diagnosed cases of BC and 700 healthy controls in Iran, suggested that HEI-2010 score was associated with BC risk only in postmenopausal women (Ghosn et al, 2020).…”

Social Marketing in Promoting Sustainable Healthy Lifestyle among Student Population

“…When it comes to a healthy lifestyle, there are some differences regarding its operationalization [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, all cited researches consider physical activity as a part of a healthy lifestyle.…”

Emotional Evocative User Interface Design for Lifestyle Intervention in Non-communicable Diseases using Kansei

“…A healthy lifestyle is classified into two categories [14], which are non-modified (age, family history) and modified (no obesity, healthy diet, physical activity and no smoking) variables that contribute to having a longer life with good health [13], [15]. This study utilised modified variables to measure user's emotion for lifestyle intervention compliance including food and nutrition intake.…”