Association between Farming and Chronic Energy Deficiency in Rural South India

Subasinghe, Asvini K; Evans, Roger G.; Srikanth, Velandai; Arabshahi, Simin; Kartik, Kamakshi; Kalyanram, Kartik; Thrift, Amanda G.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087423

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Another study that assessed anemia among adult males aged 15-45 years in the desert areas of Rajasthan, India reported anemia prevalence by way of clinical examination to be 43.9% [18]. However, another study in rural Andhra Pradesh in the year 2007 reported the prevalence of anemia among adult males to be only 14.8% using Hemo Control photometer, which measures hemoglobin using a similar principle as HemoCue [19]. This study also reported a higher prevalence of anemia among people engaged in farming and found a positive association between age and anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Adult Males in a Rural Area of Haryana, India

Kant¹,

Kumar²,

Malhotra³

et al. 2019

JEGH

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Anemia is an under-recognized morbidity among adult males causing significant productivity loss. A study was done among adult males (≥18 years) in a rural area of Haryana, India to estimate the prevalence and determinants of anemia and to explore their attitude and beliefs about anemia. Mixed methods approach was adopted. A total of 1219 participants were selected by multistage simple random sampling for the cross-sectional study and were administered a questionnaire followed by hemoglobin measurement using HemoCue method. Six focus group discussions were conducted. Age adjusted prevalence of anemia was 27.9% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 27.4-28.4%]. Anemia was found to be positively associated with age more than 50 years (OR: 2.7 (95% CI: 1.7-4.2) in age group 50-59 years and 3.6 (95% CI: 2.3-5.6) in age group ≥60 years as compared with age group 18-24 years) and presence of chronic co-morbidity (OR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.2-3.2). There were misconceptions among study participants about the role of specific dietary factors in causation of anemia. Poor purchasing capacity was cited as main reason for not consuming iron rich diet. Anemia was a common morbidity in this study population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Adult Males in a Rural Area of Haryana, India

Kant¹,

Kumar²,

Malhotra³

et al. 2019

JEGH

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“…7 Subasinghe's results study and her poor communities show a significant relationship with chronic energy deficiency in pregnant. 11 This is reinforced by the results study of Nisa and her friends in 2018, that there is a relationship between predisposing factors including variables of age and knowledge, to the lack of chronic energy. 6 The results Pastuty et al in Palembang city, Indonesia showed that there were some differences in the size of the upper arm circumference in pregnant before and after supplementary feeding (p=0.001).…”

Section: Bivariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Study causes of chronic energy deficiency of pregnant in the rural areas

Wiyono

Burhani

Harjatmo

et al. 2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is one of the malnutrition problems that often occurs in pregnant, caused by lack of energy in a long period of time. One of the effects of pregnant suffering from CED is to increase the risk of maternal and short baby mortality.Method: The study was conducted in 8 villages of Kemranjen Subdistrict, Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia in 2019. A cross sectional research design with population is that has pregnant. A sample of 130 pregnant was taken incidentally, with inclusion criteria that be able to do interviews and anthropometric measurements, while as the exclusion criterion was that pregnant were suffering from illness that could not be measured.Results: Most of the age was over 30 years and 9.2% suffered from CED. Nutrient intake is mostly less than 80.0% of the nutrition adequacy rate (RDA). The average intake of macro nutrients is 28.05%, the average micronutrient intake is 27.70%. Most graduated were from high school, worked as housewives, consumed supplements, additional food, and added blood tablets and drank milk, suffered from upper respiratory infections (ARI), high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus, did not get complete immunizations.Conclusion: There were no significant differences in CED based on energy intake (p=1.00), protein intake (p=1.00), fat intake (p=0.179) and carbohydrate intake (p=0.460), work status (p=0.216) and education (p=0.553) and consuming additional food (p=0.225).

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“…The longitudinal study followed up participants 10 years from baseline. The cross-sectional studies comprised eight analyses of primary data [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]; two secondary analyses of existing cross-sectional data [37,38]; and three cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal data, [39][40][41] of which two used data from different time points of one study. [40,41] Study settings and characteristics differed substantially between studies.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[40,41] Study settings and characteristics differed substantially between studies. Most studies were from Asia (India [31,33,[35][36][37][38][39] and China [29,40,41]); one was from Latin America (Guatemala [32]) and two were from Sub-Saharan Africa (Ghana [30] and Nigeria [34]). Eight studies analysed data from rural populations and five studies additionally included urban participants (including migrants).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is agricultural engagement associated with lower incidence or prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular disease risk factors? A systematic review of observational studies from low- and middle-income countries

et al. 2020

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Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes and cancer account for more than half of the global disease burden, and 75% of related deaths occur in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite large regional variations in CVD incidence and prevalence, CVDs remain the leading causes of death worldwide. With urbanisation, developing nations are undergoing unprecedented labour-force transitions out of agriculture and into types of non-agricultural employment, mainly in the industry and service sectors. There are few studies on the effect of these transitions on CVDs and CVD risk factors in LMICs. We systematically searched MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from January 1950 to January 2017 to assess the association of engaging in agriculture compared to types of non-agricultural employment (e.g. services and manufacturing) with CVD incidence, prevalence and risk factors. Studies were included if they: included participants who engaged in agriculture and participants who did not engage in agriculture; measured atherosclerotic CVDs or their modifiable risk factors; and involved adults from LMICs. We assessed the quality of evidence in seven domains of each study. Prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and compared in forest plots across studies. Study heterogeneity did not permit formal meta-analyses with pooled results. There was a lack of publications on the primary outcomes, atherosclerotic CVDs (n = 2). Limited evidence of varying consistency from 13 studies in five countries reported that compared with non-agricultural workers, mainly living in urban areas, rural agriculture workers had a lower prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity; and a higher prevalence of underweight and smoking. High quality evidence is lacking on the associations of

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Association between Farming and Chronic Energy Deficiency in Rural South India

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Adult Males in a Rural Area of Haryana, India

Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Adult Males in a Rural Area of Haryana, India

Study causes of chronic energy deficiency of pregnant in the rural areas

Is agricultural engagement associated with lower incidence or prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular disease risk factors? A systematic review of observational studies from low- and middle-income countries

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