Association between dietary calcium intake and BMD in children and adolescents

Abstract

Aim Ensuring adequate calcium (Ca) intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age. As one of the primary strategies to build and maintain healthy bones, we aimed to determine whether dietary Ca intake has an influence on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study composed of 10,092 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary Ca intake and total BMD were taken as independent and dependent variables, respectively. To evaluate the association between them, we conducted weighted multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings. Results There was a significantly positive association between dietary Ca intake and total BMD. The strongest association was observed in 12–15 year old whites, 8–11 year old and 16–19 year old Mexican Americans, and 16–19 year old individuals from other race/ethnicity, in whom each quintile of Ca intake was increased. We also found that there were significant inflection points in females, blacks, and 12–15 year old adolescents group, which means that their total BMD would decrease when the dietary Ca intake was more than 2.6–2.8 g/d. Conclusions This cross-sectional study indicated that a considerable proportion of children and adolescents aged 8–19 years would attain greater total BMD if they increased their dietary Ca intake. However, higher dietary Ca intake (more than 2.6–2.8 g/d) is associated with lower total BMD in females, blacks, and 12–15 year old adolescents group.

Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on bone mineral density among Thai youth using daily HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis

“…We observed that vitamin D and calcium supplementation affected BMD but not serum 25(OH)D, calcium and iPTH levels, as vitamin D is an essential vitamin to maintain PTH levels to stabilize serum calcium [48,49]. It has been reported that increased vitamin D and/ or calcium intakes have been associated with a positive correlation with BMD despite the normal calcium levels which are controlled by several factors, such as serum albumin and acid‐base status [50].…”

Intraindividual Double Burden of Malnutrition in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 6–17 Years: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015

“…Long periods of adequate calcium intake in childhood increase bone mineral density and reduce osteopenia risk [ 28 ]. Ensuring adequate calcium intake during childhood and adolescence is critical to acquire good peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during older age [ 29 ]. In our study, dietary calcium inadequacy was almost 100%, which was the most prevalent deficiency of the selected micronutrients in Chinese aged 6–17 years.…”

Correlation of Serum IGF-1R, VEGF, and ET Levels with Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients Treated with Metformin Plus α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

“…Before and after treatment, five mL of venous blood was also collected at 2 hours after a meal and centrifuged to obtain the serum, and the level of 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) was determined using the Roche automatic biochemical analyzer [ 13 , 14 ]. BMD measurement: the BMD of the lumbar spine 1–4 (L1–4), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) of the patients were measured using a LunarDPX-NT dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), manufactured by GE, USA [ 15 , 16 ].…”