Association between carotid intima-media thickness and retinal arteriolar and venular diameter in patients with hypertension: A cross-sectional study

Torres, Felipe Soares; Fuchs, Sandra Cristina Pereira Costa; Maestri, Marcelo Krieger; Fuchs, Flávio Danni; Oliveira, Manuel M.; Moreira, Leila Beltrami; Gus, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.019

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Two studies reported a weak association between narrower arteriolar caliber and higher CIMT (standardized β = −0.06; Table ), while the other four studies did not show a significant association. However, in the only study with cardiometabolic patients, this association was not replicated …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Associations of retinal microvascular caliber with intermediate phenotypes of large arterial function and structure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2019

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Objective Intermediate phenotypes of microcirculation (retinal microvascular caliber) are associated with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and independently predict CV events. However, the effect of microcirculation variation on the vascular system is unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies to quantify associations of retinal microvascular caliber (arteriolar, venular caliber, arteriole‐to‐venule ratio) and preclinical CV measures (large arterial function and structure). Methods We identified studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed (1946 to March 2018) studying (a) general population samples and (b) patients with cardiometabolic disease. Study‐specific correlation estimates were combined into meta‐analysis where possible. Results Of 1294 studies identified, 26 met inclusion criteria (general population 16, patients 10), of which five studies were included in meta‐analysis. Most studied middle‐aged adults cross‐sectionally, with one childhood study. Large arterial function and structure were predominantly assessed by pulse wave velocity and carotid intima‐media thickness, respectively. Only arteriolar caliber was consistently associated with arterial function and structure, with stronger associations observed in cardiometabolic patients. Narrower (worse) arteriolar caliber was associated with faster (poorer) pulse wave velocity (correlation coefficient (r) −0.17, 95% CI −0.25 to −0.10) and greater (poorer) intima‐media thickness (r −0.05, 95%CI −0.09 to −0.02) across all adult participants. Conclusions Retinal arteriolar, but not venular caliber, was modestly associated with large arterial function and weakly associated with large arterial structure, with stronger evidence in patients with cardiometabolic disease. This suggests that preclinical changes in large arteries and the microcirculation have some shared but mainly unique pathways to associate with cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Associations of retinal microvascular caliber with intermediate phenotypes of large arterial function and structure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2019

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“…First, an Australian study showed that moderate/high yoghurt consumption, but not total dairy or milk intake, was associated with significantly lower common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), a predictor of coronary events [27]. Torres et al [28] reported that CCA-IMT was a significant predictor of both retinal arteriolar and venular diameters, demonstrating that vascular damage occurs in parallel in large arteries and small vessels. Hence, yoghurt consumption could have beneficial effects on the retinal microcirculation by lowering CCA-IMT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dairy food consumption, blood pressure and retinal microcirculation in adolescents

Gopinath

Flood

Burlutsky

et al. 2014

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

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“…Recently, the associations between central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and many cardiovascular risk factors have been demonstrated [1]–[5]. The American Heart Association estimates that more than 1 in 3 adults Americans have one or more types of cardiovascular disease [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Retinal Vessel Diameters and Fractal Dimensions with Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between quantitative retinal vascular parameters such as central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and retinal vascular fractal dimension (D(f)), and cardiovascular risk factors in the Chinese Han population residing in the in islands of southeast China.Methodology/Principle FindingsIn this cross-sectional study, fundus photographs were collected and semi-automated analysis software was used to analyze retinal vessel diameters and fractal dimensions. Cardiovascular risk factors such as relevant medical history, blood pressure (BP), lipids, and blood glucose data were collected. Subjects had a mean age of 51.9±12.0 years and included 812 (37.4%) males and 1,357 (62.6%) females. Of the subjects, 726 (33.5%) were overweight, 226 (10.4%) were obese, 272 (12.5%) had diabetes, 738 (34.0%) had hypertension, and 1,156 (53.3%) had metabolic syndrome. After controlling for the effects of potential confounders, multivariate analyses found that age (β = 0.06, P = 0.008), sex (β = 1.33, P = 0.015), mean arterial blood pressure (β = −0.12, P<0.001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (β = −0.22, P = 0.008), and CRVE (β = 0.23, P<0.001) were significantly associated with CRAE. Age (β = −0.0012, P<0.001), BP classification (prehypertension: β = −0.0075, P = 0.014; hypertension: β = −0.0131, P = 0.002), and hypertension history (β = −0.0007, P = 0.009) were significantly associated with D(f).Conclusions/SignificanceD(f) exhibits a stronger association with BP than CRAE. Thus, D(f) may become a useful indicator of cardiovascular risk.

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Association between carotid intima-media thickness and retinal arteriolar and venular diameter in patients with hypertension: A cross-sectional study

Abstract: In patients with hypertension, carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of macrovascular damage, is significantly and independently associated with microvascular damage, determined by retinal arteriolar and venular calibers.

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Associations of retinal microvascular caliber with intermediate phenotypes of large arterial function and structure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Associations of retinal microvascular caliber with intermediate phenotypes of large arterial function and structure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Dairy food consumption, blood pressure and retinal microcirculation in adolescents

The Relationship of Retinal Vessel Diameters and Fractal Dimensions with Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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