Association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, autistic traits and ADHD symptoms: a multicenter study in Spain

Boucher, Olivier; Júlvez, Jordi; Guxens, Mònica; Arranz, Enrique; Ibarluzea, Jesús; Miguél, Manuel Sánchez de; Fernández-Somoano, Ana; Tardón, Adonina; Rebagliato, Marisa; Garcia-Esteban, Raquel; O’Connor, Giselle; Ballester, Ferrán; Sunyer, Jordi

doi:10.1038/pr.2016.238

Cited by 82 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…The majority of the studies had a longitudinal design and started during pregnancy or right after birth: one was an intervention study 35 , one was retrospective 32 , and the others were prospective. Fourteen studies assessed only children 19 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 – 41 , three included only adolescents 28 , 31 , 42 , and one assessed both 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifteen studies assessed the association between breastfeeding and children's behavior 19 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 – 41 , and ten of them found some association between breastfeeding and child behavior 26 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 – 40 . Regarding breastfeeding assessment, seven studies assessed EBF 19 , 29 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 41 and twelve 26 , 27 , 30 , 32 – 35 , 37 – 41 studies assessed NEBF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding breastfeeding assessment, seven studies assessed EBF 19 , 29 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 41 and twelve 26 , 27 , 30 , 32 – 35 , 37 – 41 studies assessed NEBF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the six studies selected, one was carried out in children aged nine months 38 and five involved children aged 4–6 years 19 , 29 , 33 , 36 , 41 . Three 29 , 36 , 38 out of six 19 , 29 , 33 , 36 , 38 , 41 studies investigating EBF found some benefits of breastfeeding on behavior disorders in childhood (somatic complaints, internalized behavior, personal-social ability, total behavior, conduct disorder, hyperactivity, attention symptoms).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the studies assessing EBF for any duration investigated somatic complaints 36 , internalized behavior problems 36 and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) 41 . An inverse association of EBF for any duration with fewer somatic complaints and internalized behavior problems 36 was found when EBF children were compared to NEBF children, but no association was found for attention-deficit symptoms and hyperactivity 41 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

2018

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OBJECTIVEThis systematic review study aimed to assess the evidence available for the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence.METHODSThe search was carried out in the PubMed, Lilacs, and PsycINFO databases up to December 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: prospective, retrospective and cross-sectional studies assessing the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood or adolescence, using psychometric tests, carried out in humans and published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The search was performed in several stages by two independent researchers using pre-established criteria.RESULTSEighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Breastfeeding for a period equal to or higher than three or four months seemed to be inversely associated with total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood; however, the association remains unclear for other behavior disorders. Only four studies assessed behavior disorders in adolescence, and when an association was found, it was likely to be positive. The duration of breastfeeding seemed to be more important than the exclusive or non-exclusive pattern of breastfeeding.CONCLUSIONSBreastfed children for at least three to four months had fewer total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood. Further studies are needed to better understand this association, particularly in adolescence and involving other behavioral profiles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding breastfeeding assessment, seven studies assessed EBF 19 , 29 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 41 and twelve 26 , 27 , 30 , 32 – 35 , 37 – 41 studies assessed NEBF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

2018

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Association Between Greenness Surrounding Schools and Kindergartens and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children in China

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Few studies have investigated the association between greenness and childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between greenness surrounding schools or kindergartens and symptoms of ADHD in children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cross-sectional study was performed between April 2012 and January 2013 in 7 cities in northeastern China. This analysis included 59 754 children (aged 2-17 years) from 94 schools and kindergartens, who had resided in the study area for 2 years or longer. Data were analyzed from April 15, 2019, to October 10, 2019. EXPOSURES Greenness surrounding each child's school or kindergarten was estimated using 2 satellite image-derived vegetation indexes: the normalized difference vegetation index and the soiladjusted vegetation index. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) scales were used to measure ADHD symptoms (9 inattention symptoms and 9 hyperactivityimpulsivity symptoms). Parents or guardians rated the frequency of each of 18 ADHD symptoms during the preceding 6 months. Children with 6 or more symptoms of either inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity were defined as having ADHD symptoms. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to estimate the association between greenness and ADHD symptoms. RESULTS The mean (SD) age of the 59 754 study participants was 10.3 (3.6) years, and 29 494 (49.4%) were girls. A total of 2566 participants (4.3%) had ADHD symptoms. Greenness levels differed substantially across schools and kindergartens. The normalized difference vegetation index within 500 m of a school or kindergarten ranged from −0.09 to 0.77. Greater greenness levels were associated with lower odds of ADHD symptoms. In covariate-adjusted models, a 0.1-unit increase in normalized difference vegetation index or soil-adjusted vegetation index within 500 m of a school or kindergarten was significantly associated with lower odds of ADHD symptoms (odds ratios, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.83-0.91] and 0.80 [95% CI, 0.74-0.86], respectively; P < .001 for both). The associations were robust in a series of sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that there may be a beneficial association between school-based greenness and ADHD symptoms in Chinese children. Future longitudinal and mechanistic studies are needed to confirm the findings of this cross-sectional analysis and further explore potential mechanisms of this association.

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The cognitive performance of indigenous schoolchildren in relation to their feeding during infancy

Cando

Diaz-Silva

Guerendiain

2019

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives Nutrition during the first 3 years of life is critical to neurodevelopment. Native populations experience poverty, inequality, and food insecurity. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between feeding during infancy and cognitive performance in schoolchildren of rural indigenous communities in Riobamba, Ecuador. Methods Thirty‐seven schoolchildren (5–6 years) were recruited. We determined duration of exclusive breastfeeding, weaning age, age of cow's milk incorporation, daily intake of cow's milk, age of solid and liquid incorporation, and sociocultural and anthropometric parameters. Verbal, manipulative, and total intelligence quotients were evaluated with Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Results Means of verbal, manipulative, and total intelligence quotient scores were 86.46 ± 11.55, 96.39 ± 9.96, and 89.25 ± 10.43, respectively. Children were exclusively breastfed until 6.83 ± 3.97 months and weaned at 17.17 ± 5.58 months. Age of cow's milk incorporation was 12.58 ± 6.06 months, with a daily intake of 737.50 ± 417.50 mL. Solids were incorporated at 10.11 ± 4.43 months and liquids at 7.72 ± 3.30 months. Positive associations between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and manipulative (unadjusted: ρ = .545, P = .006; r = .491, P = .028; adjusted for children's body mass index, and ethnicity and educational level of mothers: r = .522, P = .041) and total (unadjusted: ρ = .483, P = .017; adjusted: r = .572, P = .036) intelligence quotients were found. Frequency of children with manipulative (χ2[2] = 7.093, P = .029) and total (χ2[2] = 7.198, P = .027) intelligence quotient ≥90 was higher in those exclusively breastfed >6 months. Furthermore, schoolchildren in the >6 months group had better manipulative (101.75 ± 9.08 vs 89.71 ± 8.56, P = .038) and total (94.50 ± 11.89 vs 84.86 ± 5.05, P = .036) intelligence quotient than those in the <6 months group, independent of anthropometric and sociocultural factors. Conclusions Longer exclusive breastfeeding was related to better total intelligence quotient in rural indigenous schoolchildren.

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Association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development, autistic traits and ADHD symptoms: a multicenter study in Spain

Cited by 82 publications

References 31 publications

Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

Association Between Greenness Surrounding Schools and Kindergartens and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children in China

The cognitive performance of indigenous schoolchildren in relation to their feeding during infancy

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