Breastfeeding and behavior disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

Abstract

OBJECTIVEThis systematic review study aimed to assess the evidence available for the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence.METHODSThe search was carried out in the PubMed, Lilacs, and PsycINFO databases up to December 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: prospective, retrospective and cross-sectional studies assessing the association between breastfeeding and behavior disorders in childhood or adolescence, using psychometric tests, carried out in humans and published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The search was performed in several stages by two independent researchers using pre-established criteria.RESULTSEighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Breastfeeding for a period equal to or higher than three or four months seemed to be inversely associated with total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood; however, the association remains unclear for other behavior disorders. Only four studies assessed behavior disorders in adolescence, and when an association was found, it was likely to be positive. The duration of breastfeeding seemed to be more important than the exclusive or non-exclusive pattern of breastfeeding.CONCLUSIONSBreastfed children for at least three to four months had fewer total behavior and conduct disorders in childhood. Further studies are needed to better understand this association, particularly in adolescence and involving other behavioral profiles.

The Protective and Long-Lasting Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Cognition in Mammals

“…In recent years, the mental health benefits that breastfeeding provides have garnered much more attention in neuroscientific research. Notably, breastfeeding is associated with improved cognitive development, as demonstrated by improved IQ scores [14] and a reduced risk of childhood behavioural disorders [15,16]. These findings also coincide with studies showing enhanced brain development parameters, such as white matter development in frontal and temporal regions [17] and maturation of the basal ganglia and thalamus [18].…”

Prevalence of Older Adult Disability and Primary Health Care Responsiveness in Low-Income Communities

“…A previous study, conducted in São Paulo [ 13 ], found the prevalence of global disability to be 62.2%, higher than that observed in the present study, although that study included individuals ≥65 years of age, rather than ≥60 years of age as in the present study. Similarly, in São Paulo and Manaus, the prevalence of global disability was higher than that reported in studies investigating younger populations [ 5 , 23 , 25 , 35 ], which is to be expected because disability is age dependent [ 12 , 20 ].…”

“…Part of the prevention effort is effective screening for chronic diseases, which are more prevalent in older adults, and controlling other conditions that can lead to disability [ 2 ]. In Brazil, three-quarters of the population over 49 years of age has at least one chronic disease [ 4 ], and 23% of the individuals in that age group already have difficulty performing at least one activity of daily living, such as dressing themselves and getting up from a chair [ 5 ]. In addition to activities of daily living, disability affects several other areas important to independent life, such as work, leisure, and participation [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…Within the elder population, the prevalence of disability is higher among women, the oldest age brackets, individuals with a lower level of education, and residents of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), as demonstrated by studies conducted in several countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, the Americas, and the Middle East [ 5 , 8 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. Knowing the functional status of the elder population is important to identify the most vulnerable members and their health needs.…”

Computer-aided Diagnosis of Psychiatric Distress in Children and Adolescents Using deep Interaction Networks: The CASPIAN-IV Study

“…It was shown in the literature that there is a relationship between breastfeeding and sleep quality in infants 24 . Also, breastfeeding is related to behavior disorders in children and adolescents 25 . However, there was no significant correlation between sleep hour and milk type in our study (Rank Biserial rrb=0.005; p=0.634) ( Figure 1).…”