Assessment of the Thermal Processing Behavior of Tobacco Waste

Abstract

Pyrolysis of tobacco waste can provide an effective management option, as it produces biogas and bio-oils, which can be subsequently applied for energy recovery, and biochar, which can be used for carbon sequestration when stored in soils. This work assesses the pyrolysis behavior of tobacco waste and reveals four stage pyrolysis mechanism consisting of dehydration (<200 °C), torrefaction (≈300 °C), charring (≈500 °C), and carbonization (≈750 °C). The calorific value of the evolved biogas products at the charring temperature of 500 °C was estimated to be reasonably high and the products can be combusted to generate energy required to self-sustain the pyrolysis process. The bio-oils contained complex chemical structure consisting of nicotine, phenols, and organic acids. The biochar product exhibited enrichment in the fixed carbon, ash, and nutrients P and K, while N remained at relatively constant concentration throughout the pyrolysis process.

Thermal cracking behavior, products distribution and char/steam gasification kinetics of seawater Spirulina by TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS

“…This is similar to the composition in the volatiles. The peaks at 2850-2950 cm À1 and 1470 cm À1 represent CeH stretching and deformation vibrations of alkanes from aliphatic, aromatic, and alkyl reactions, respectively [58]. A decrease in the concentration of the aromatic CeH group at 2850e2950 cm À1 indicates removal of the methyl group from the aromatic ring, resulting in the formation of CH 4 at elevated temperatures [59].…”

Bio-oils from vacuum ablative pyrolysis of torrefied tobacco residues

“…Without careful management, these alkaloids could be harmful to the environment. 8 Strezov et al 9 exposed the pyrolysis behavior of tobacco residues and showed that there were four-stage mechanisms, which consisted of dehydration, torrefaction, charring, and carbonization. Strezov et al 9 also found that the main chemical compounds of bio-oils by pyrolysis were phenol, acid, and nicotine.…”

“…8 Strezov et al 9 exposed the pyrolysis behavior of tobacco residues and showed that there were four-stage mechanisms, which consisted of dehydration, torrefaction, charring, and carbonization. Strezov et al 9 also found that the main chemical compounds of bio-oils by pyrolysis were phenol, acid, and nicotine. Yan et al 10 produced aromatic compounds from bio-oils that were obtained by fast pyrolysis of tobacco leaf and stem at a low temperature of 350 C. Yan et al 10 also classied the bio-oils into 10 groups of chemical compounds, including heterocycles, acids, alcohols, ketones and aldehydes, amines, phenols, esters, fatty hydrocarbons, saccharides, and others.…”

Porous carbon from tobacco stalk for removal of organic dyes from water

“…During the harvesting process of tobacco leaves, tobacco stalks, as agriculture residues, are collected in large amounts. 1 As the largest country producing and consuming tobacco, there are more than 1.2 million tons of tobacco stalks produced in China every year. 2 Discarding and incinerating tobacco stalk containing harmful substances such as nicotine, will cause air pollution and soil diseases.…”