Assessment of the oxidative and neurotoxic effects of glyphosate pesticide on the larvae of Rhamdia quelen fish

Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of glyphosate on the antioxidant system, as well as the neurotoxic effects on the larvae of Rhamdia quelen. A completely randomized design was implemented with the eggs of silver catfish distributed in 48 containers with 300 mL of water, which were subdivided randomly into two groups: control and treated with 6.5 mg L of glyphosate. These groups were evaluated at four time points (12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h), each with six replications. The survival rate of eggs/larvae (%) was evaluated, and samples were collected for antioxidant system analysis (catalase - CAT, glutathione transferase - GST, glutathione reductase - GR, and lipoperoxidation - LPO), and neurotoxic evaluation (cholinesterase - ChE). Throughout the 72 h of experimentation, there was a higher survival rate among the animals treated with glyphosate. The highest value of integrated biomarkers response (IBR = 1.26) was at 12 h, presenting induction of the cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme and GR. At 24 h, the value of IBR was -2.56, with inhibition of ChE and induction of GR. At 48 h, the value was -0.76, with induction of LPO. The lowest value of IBR was at 72 h (-4.65), with induction of GST and inhibition of all other biomarkers. Finally, it was possible to detect an acute effect of glyphosate throughout the early development of R. quelen, with a decrease in the antioxidant system control and neurotoxic effects.

DNA damage, immunotoxicity, and neurotoxicity induced by deltamethrin on the freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

“…AChE activity was used as a biomarker upon the exposure to pyrethroids, 23 and Toumi et al 7 suggested its high susceptibility in Daphnia magana after deltamethrin exposure. AChE inhibition also indicates the neurotoxic effect of substances to aquatic organisms 49,50 . In this test, AChE activity in muscles of P. clarkii decreased significantly in dose‐ and time‐dependent responses when exposed to 14 and 28 ng/L of deltamethrin.…”

“…AChE inhibition also indicates the neurotoxic effect of substances to aquatic organisms. 49,50 In this test, AChE activity in muscles of P. clarkii decreased significantly in dose-and time-dependent responses when exposed to abamectin exposure, and DNA damage induced by ROS overproduction in cells was verified to be the main reason. 53 In addition, our previous study demonstrated that immunological function impairment in Eriocheir sinensis was related to oxidative stress under pesticide abamectin exposure.…”

Domestication strategies for the endangered catfish species Pseudopimelodus mangurus Valenciennes, 1835 (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae)

“…Anthropogenic activities such as changes in the natural courses of rivers, pollution, deforestation, introduction of alien species and overfishing are deleterious to natural fish populations (Sobjak et al, 2017). Moreover, environmental disasters, such as occurred in the Brazilian cities of Mariana (2015) and Brumadinho (2019), leads to almost instantaneous death of hundreds of thousands of fish species and other life forms, strongly affecting the natural fish stocks and, consequently, the regional socioeconomic activities (Carvalho et al, 2017;Santos et al, 2018;Lopes et al, 2019;Pereira et al, 2019;Rudorff et al, 2018).…”

Differential microRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex of mouse offspring induced by glyphosate exposure during pregnancy and lactation

“…This residue was not previously considered to pose any risks to human health ( 4 ). However, recently, glyphosate has been demonstrated to induce embryo-toxic and neurotoxic effects in in vitro and in vivo studies ( 5 , 6 ). The teratogenic effect of glyphosate on early morphogenesis in embryos raises concerns regarding the clinical phenomenon including, birth defects and behavior disorders, seen in children exposed to glyphosate in the countryside ( 2 , 7 ).…”