Assessment of the energy content of human milk administered to very low birth weight infants

Vieira, Alan Araújo; Moreira, Maria Elizabeth Lopes; Rocha, Adriana Duarte; Pimenta, Hellen P.; Lucena, Sabrina Lopes

doi:10.2223/jped.1263

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We did not found any significant change in macronutrient values after pasteurization in SWB.A few studies have reported reduction in fat and energy after HoP. [4,5] García-Lara et al using MIRIS HMA showed a decrease in fat content following repeated freezing and thawing of pasteurized milk. [4] They emphasized that pasteurization itself is not related to reduction of nutrient values.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Can Shaker Water Bath be used as Low Cost Pasteurization Device in Human Milk Banks?

Mukherjee¹,

Munian²,

Basu³

2018

AIMDR

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Background: Pasteurization is the most crucial step for donor milk processing in human milk banks and Holder pasteurization is the most widely accepted method. Automated instruments are available for pasteurization but they are costly. Shaker water bath is also used for pasteurization which is a cheaper device. In this study we checked the quality of pasteurization carried out in shaker water bath. Objective: Evaluation of biological safety of pasteurized human Milk by Shaker water bath and to see if pasteurization using shaker water bath alters macro-nutrient values of milk using human milk analyzer. Methods: (a) Bacteriologic quality of post pasteurized milk of 80 pasteurization cycles by shaker water bath. (b) Macro-nutrient values of pre and post pasteurized milk samples from shaker water bath are measured from 20 different cycles using Human Milk Analyzer (MIRIS AB, Sweden). These 20 samples were selected using computer generated random table. Results: Bacteriologic testof pre pasteurized sampleswere comparable and colony count of all samples were within acceptable limit (Gram negative bacilli <104, Gram positive cocci <104). None of the post pasteurized samples showed any growth. Shaker water bath pasteurization did not alter macro nutrient values (protein: 1.56±0.23g/dl, fat: 3.20±0.35g/dl, energy: 64.00±3.08Kcal/dl). Conclusion: Shaker water bath is a low cost pasteurization device for Holder pasteurization of human milk; there is no alteration of milk quality and is bacteriologically safe as well.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Can Shaker Water Bath be used as Low Cost Pasteurization Device in Human Milk Banks?

Mukherjee¹,

Munian²,

Basu³

2018

AIMDR

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“…Os valores obtidos para proteína e carboidratos estão próximos aos citados na literatura [26][27][28] . Entretanto, a média dos teores lipídicos das amostras apresentou-se abaixo do esperado.…”

Section: Composição Centesimalunclassified

“…Entretanto, a média dos teores lipídicos das amostras apresentou-se abaixo do esperado. Os valores encontrados na literatura indicam teores superiores a 3% de lipídios totais 12,26 . Esta diminuição pode ter ocorrido devido ao complexo processo: pré-estocagem, congelamento, descongelamento, pasteurização, novo congelamento, novo descongelamento e aquecimento a que o leite foi submetido.…”

Section: Composição Centesimalunclassified

Composição centesimal do leite humano e caracterização das propriedades físico-químicas de sua gordura

Silva¹,

Escobedo²,

Gioielli³

et al. 2007

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 29/5/06; aceito em 1/2/07; publicado na web em 30/7/07 CENTESIMAL COMPOSITION OF HUMAN MILK AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ITS FAT. Human milk fat is essential for development of newborn infants. Many studies detail chemical characteristics of human milk fat; however there are no studies about its physical properties. The objective of this work was to analyze the centesimal composition of human milk and to compare the calculated energy value with the estimated energy by the creamatocrit method. Chemical composition and physical properties of human milk lipids and Betapol -a structured lipid -were also studied. The results showed that energy values of human milk estimated by creamatocrit and calculated by the centesimal composition didn't present significant correlation. Human milk lipids and Betapol presented distinct physico-chemical properties.Keywords: human milk; creamatocrit; Betapol. INTRODUÇÃOO leite humano é o único alimento energético, nutricional e imunológico consumido em quantidades suficientes pelos recém-nascidos 1,2 . O aleitamento materno fortalece a imunidade, mantém o crescimento e desenvolvimento normais, melhora o processo digestivo no sistema gastro-intestinal, favorece o vínculo mãe-filho e facilita o desenvolvimento emocional, cognitivo e do sistema nervoso [2][3][4] .O leite humano contém de 3 a 5% de lipídios, dentre os quais 98% são de triacilgliceróis, 1% de fosfolipídios e 0,5% de esteróis 5 . Os lipídios apresentam-se na forma de glóbulos de cerca de 4 μm de diâmetro em emulsão do tipo óleo em água, que é estabilizada por uma membrana contendo fosfolipídios e proteínas 6 . Cerca de 50% do valor calórico total do leite humano é proveniente da gordura, que é fonte de colesterol, ácidos graxos essenciais e vitaminas lipossolúveis 7 . O conteúdo de ácidos graxos insaturados no leite humano é maior que no de leite de vaca 8 .As proteínas do leite humano são qualitativamente diferentes das do leite de vaca. Do conteúdo protéico no leite humano, 80% é lactoalbumina, enquanto que no leite de vaca essa proporção é de caseína. A relação proteínas do soro/caseína no leite humano é aproximadamente 80/20, enquanto a no leite bovino é 20/80. A baixa concentração de caseína no leite humano resulta na formação de coalho gástrico mais leve, com flóculos de mais fácil digestão e com reduzido tempo de esvaziamento gástrico. O leite humano contém também, diferentemente do leite de vaca, maiores concentrações de aminoácidos essenciais de alto valor biológico (cistina e taurina) que são fundamentais ao desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central. Isso é particularmente importante para o prematuro, que não consegue sintetizá-los a partir de outros aminoácidos por deficiência enzimática 9 .A partir da década de 70, com o incentivo ao aleitamento materno, houve crescimento na pesquisa sobre o leite humano 10 . Assim, as nutrizes foram incentivadas a ordenhar e doar o excesso de leite produzido, ficando os bancos de leite humano responsáveis pela atividade de coleta, processamento e controle de...

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“…Increasing evidence currently shows that short-and long-term benefits of HM feeding for preterm newborns (PTNB). Feeding preterm infants HM is reported to reduce significantly the rates of infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, and mortality, while improving neurocognitive and cardiovascular outcomes at the long-term (5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy content of milk from nursing mothers of premature infants and its relationship with caloric intake and maternal sociodemographic characteristics/ Conteúdo energético do leite de nutrizes de lactentes prematuros e sua relação com a ingestão calórica e com características sociodemográficas maternas

Lessa¹,

Santos²,

Giura³

et al. 2021

BJDV

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Aim: To evaluate the energy content of milk of nursing mothers of premature infants and identify whether there is association with caloric intake and maternal sociodemographic variables. Methods: analytical, cross-sectional study with milk donated by 18 nursing mothers of premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the National Institute of Woman, Child and Adolescent Health - IFF/Fiocruz. The energy content of breast milk was evaluated by crematocrit, by the human milk bank. To assess maternal food consumption, the Food Frequency Questionnaire was used and sociodemographic data were obtained from interviews with the nursing mothers. Data were evaluated using the SPSS 22.0 software.Results: It was found that 89% of the milk collected was normocaloric, with an average energy content of 597.2 ± 79.1 kcal/L and that most of the milk expressed was colostrum. The average caloric intake of the nursing mothers was 2554 ± 413.1 kcal/day and the consumption of polyunsaturated fats, which corresponded to 3.5% of the total energy intake, was below the recommendation. There was no association between the energy content of human milk and the studied variables, but there was a tendency for nursing mothers living outside the city of Rio de Janeiro to have a higher caloric content in milk (p = 0.06).Conclusion: The human milk samples were normocaloric, maternal food consumption was inadequate for polyunsaturated fats and there was no association of sociodemographic variables or maternal caloric intake with the energy content of human milk.

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Assessment of the energy content of human milk administered to very low birth weight infants

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Can Shaker Water Bath be used as Low Cost Pasteurization Device in Human Milk Banks?

Can Shaker Water Bath be used as Low Cost Pasteurization Device in Human Milk Banks?

Composição centesimal do leite humano e caracterização das propriedades físico-químicas de sua gordura

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