Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Coastal Region a Case Study of Qayyumabad, Karachi, Pakistan

Khan, Adnan; Raza, Syed Asad; Fatima, Afrida; Haider, Syed Wasi

doi:10.20448/journal.506.2020.71.9.17

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The capacity for run-off sediment transport is determined by the relationship between dominant soil flow shear and critical rainfall stress. In coastal regions of Pakistan, large quantities of groundwater usually imply saltwater intrusion [153,154]. Increased quantities of dissolved components in groundwater, especially SO4, Cl, and Na, have been demonstrated by Naseem et al [155] to indicate the presence of relict saltwater trapped in bedrock fissures and cracks and salty pore water in marine clay and silt deposits.…”

Section: Influence Of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors On Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Khan

Janjuhah

Kontakiotis

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The Indus River is Asia’s longest river, having its origin in the Tibet Mountain northwest of Pakistan. Routed from northern Gilgit and flowing to the plains, the river passes through several provinces and is connected by numerous small and large tributaries. The river was formed tectonically due to the collusion of the Indian and Eurasian plates, which is referred to as the Indus suture Plains zone (ISPZ). The geological setting of the study area is mainly composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The river passed through a variety of climatic zones and areas, although the predominant climate is subtropic arid and sub arid to subequatorial. Locally and globally, anthropogenic activities such as building, dams, and water canals for irrigation purposes, mining exploration, and industries and factories all affected the physical and chemical behaviors of the sediments in various rivers. The main effect of human activities is the reworking of weathered soil smectite, a chemical weathering indicator that rises in the offshore record about 5000 years ago. This material indicates increased transport of stronger chemically weathered material, which may result from agriculture-induced erosion of older soil. However, we also see evidence for the incision of large rivers into the floodplain, which is also driving the reworking of this type of material, so the signal may be a combination of the two. Sediments undergo significant changes in form and size due to clashing with one another in the high-charge river.

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Section: Influence Of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors On Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Khan

Janjuhah

Kontakiotis

et al. 2021

JMSE

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“…It is concerning that, as time passes, every new well or bore must be drilled to a greater depth to extract groundwater because the water table has been declining at a pace of 22.6 m/year since 1980 (Fig. 13 ) 95 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-1A for monitoring land subsidence of coastal city of Pakistan using Persistent Scatterers In-SAR technique

Shoaib

Chen

Shah

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Karachi is located in the southern part of Pakistan along the Arabian Sea coast. Relevant institutions are concerned about the possibility of ground subsidence in the city, contributing to the comparative sea-level rise. So yet, no direct measurement of the subsidence rate and its relation to city submergence danger has been made. SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) interferometry is a powerful method for obtaining millimeter-accurate surface displacement measurements. The Sentinel-1 satellite data provide extensive geographical coverage, regular acquisitions, and open access. This research used the persistent scatterer interferometry synthetic aperture radar (PS-InSAR) technology with Sentinel-1 SAR images to monitor ground subsidence in Karachi, Pakistan. The SARPROZ software was used to analyze a series of Sentinel-1A images taken from November 2019 to December 2020 along ascending and descending orbit paths to assess land subsidence in Karachi. The cumulative deformation in Line of Sight (LOS) ranged from − 68.91 to 76.06 mm/year, whereas the vertical deformation in LOS ranged from − 67.66 to 74.68 mm/year. The data reveal a considerable rise in subsidence from 2019 to 2020. The general pattern of subsidence indicated very high values in the city center, whereas locations outside the city center saw minimal subsidence. Overall, the proposed technique effectively maps, identifies, and monitors land areas susceptible to subsidence. This will allow for more efficient planning, construction of surface infrastructure, and control of subsidence-induced risks.

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“…F5 showed mixed types of contamination sources. F6 showed moderate loading for turbidity with a coefficient (R 2 ) value of 0.51; the sources of turbidity are runoff, wastewater recharge, and poorly built wells [49], which are anthropogenic sources of contamination.…”

Section: Source Identification Of Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater of Community Tube Wells, Source Distribution, Associated Health Risk Exposure, and Suitability Analysis for Drinking from Arid Zone

Ullah,

Rashid,

Nawab

et al. 2023

Water

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Fluoride (F−) pollution in potable groundwater (GW) is a serious environmental concern in Pakistan with substantial human health hazard reports. The research on F− pollution in GW resources in Sindh Province is still incomplete. To explore the realistic conditions, the present research aimed to investigate the GW quality of community tube wells concerning F− contamination in Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 53 samples were collected and examined for F−, along with other physicochemical parameters. The F− values observed varied from 0.2–4.2 mg/L, with a mean value of 1.63 mg/L. Among the 53 samples, 46% had F− levels that were higher than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended limit (1.5 mg/L). The water type of the studied region was Ca-HCO3 type, which can be attributed to fresh recharged water. The interaction of rock–water contact controls the hydrochemistry of GW. The GW resources of the research zone were highly saturated with fluorite minerals. Human health risk calculation outcomes exposed that 21 samples showed high HQ values for children and 7 samples showed high values for adults in the research zone. Children are at high risk in the study area from drinking F−-contaminated GW. WQI results showed that 31 samples were not suitable for drinking.

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Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Coastal Region a Case Study of Qayyumabad, Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Natural Processes and Anthropogenic Activity in the Indus River Sedimentary Environment in Pakistan: A Critical Review

Sentinel-1A for monitoring land subsidence of coastal city of Pakistan using Persistent Scatterers In-SAR technique

Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater of Community Tube Wells, Source Distribution, Associated Health Risk Exposure, and Suitability Analysis for Drinking from Arid Zone

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