Assessment of Genetic Stability and Instability of Tissue Culture-Propagated Plantlets of Aloe vera L. by RAPD and ISSR Markers

Abstract

Efficient plantlet regeneration with and without intermediate callus phase was achieved for a selected genotype of Aloe vera L. which is sweet in test and used as a vegetable and source of food. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) marker assays were employed to evaluate genetic stability of plantlets and validate the most reliable method for true-to-type propagation of sweet aloe, among two regeneration systems developed so far. Despite phenotypic similarities in plantlets produced through both regeneration systems, the differences in genomic constituents of plantlets produced through intermediate callus phase using soft base of inflorescence have been effectively distinguished by RAPD and ISSR markers. No polymorphism was observed in regenerants produced following direct regeneration of axillary buds, whereas 80% and 73.3% of polymorphism were observed in RAPD and ISSR, respectively, in the regenerants produced indirectly from base of the inflorescence axis via an intermediate callus phase. Overall, 86.6% of variations were observed in the plantlets produced via an intermediate callus phase. The occurrence of genetic polymorphism is associated with choice of explants and method used for plantlet regeneration. This confirms that clonal propagation of sweet aloe using axillary shoot buds can be used for commercial exploitation of the selected genotype where a high degree of fidelity is an essential prerequisite. On the other hand, a high degree of variations were observed in plantlets obtained through indirect regeneration and thus cannot be used for the mass multiplication of the genotype; however, it can be used for crop improvement through induction of somaclonal variations and genetic manipulations.

Clonalin vitromultiplication of grey mangrove and assessment of genetic fidelity using single primer amplification reaction (SPAR) methods

“…The results of this molecular study revealed that all the primers used in this study showed a monomorphic pattern in all the sample plants, confirming the genetic uniformity of the regenerated plantlets and that no variation was induced during in vitro propagation of A. marina (Figures 3À5). The findings of this investigation corroborate several earlier reports on genetic analysis of regenerated plantlets in Mentha arvensis, [16] Aegle marmelos, [27] Bambusa balcooa, [28] Gerbera jamesonii [29] and Gloriosa superba [30], using SPAR analysis.…”

Conservación de plantas regeneradas in vitro y análisis de la variación somaclonal de Cinchona officinalis, Linneo

“…Por ende, al igual que la propagación, es de importancia mantener la integridad genética derivada de las plantas propagadas bajo estas condiciones. La variación somaclonal puede originarse bajo ciertas situaciones de estrés que se producen durante el cultivo in vitro, los factores que la originan son diversos y han sido estudiados en algunas especies (Tabla 1) (Sharma et al, 2007Chandrika et al, 2010Rathore et al, 2011;Regalado et al, 2015).…”

“…Para realizar la reintroducción de individuos que han sido obtenidos por propagación masiva in vitro, a su hábitat natural uno de los requisitos es que se desarrolle un eficiente sistema de multiplicación de individuos élite con alta fidelidad genética (Rathore et al, 2011 En este estudio se aplicaron marcadores ISSR para analizar la estabilidad genética de 84…”

“…Al igual que en Aloe vera (Rathore et al, 2011) y Bletilla striada produce cambios en el genotipo (Chakrabarty et al, 2003;Regalado et al, 2015). A parte de la presencia de esta auxina, el factor que también influyó para la variabilidad fue el tipo de regeneración, a través de callo (Fig.…”

Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Micropropagated Field Grown Plants of Aloe vera L.

“…Generation of micropropagated plants of A. vera through in vitro culture and their field transfer has been reported by many workers (Wenping et al 2004, Liao 2004, Aggarwal and Barna 2004, Rathore et al 2011, but very few of them have studied the long term evaluation of field grown micropropagated plants in this species, even though it is essential for commercial production. Tissue culture induces variation which can result in a range of genetically stable variation, useful in crop improvement (Larkin and Scowcroft 1981).…”