Assessment of Genetic Relationships in Breeding Lines and Cultivars of Brassica napus and Their Implications for Breeding Winter Oilseed Rape

Abstract

The level of genetic diversity or similarity between parents has been proposed as a predictor of F1 generation performance and heterosis for seed yield. The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fluorescent‐labeled primers to evaluate the genetic relationships between 101 oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) genotypes to maximize the selection of different parents in a breeding program. The collection of genotypes included 25 cytoplasmic male sterility ogura and 21 restorer lines (Rfo). The set of genotypes was completed with B. napus cultivars of Polish, European, and Asian origin and resynthesized lines. Ten primer‐enzyme combinations (EcoRI and MseI) were used. Genetic similarities among genotypes were estimated in accordance with the Nei and Li coefficient of similarity, and then the unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages method was applied for the creation of a dendrogram. A total of 344 reproducible, polymorphic markers were obtained. Unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages clustering based on the Nei and Li coefficient of similarity separated the 101 genotypes into four distinct clusters. Analysis of molecular variance showed that 90% of the detected variation was found within the group, while the variation among groups contributed to only 10%. Our results indicate that the AFLP technique seemed to be a suitable molecular method for assessing genetic relationships between oilseed rape inbred lines with high levels of accuracy. Genetic similarity evaluated on the basis of AFLP molecular markers is a significant addition to classical methods of selection of parental components of winter oilseed rape hybrid varieties (e.g., ‘Poznaniak’).

Creation of gene pools with amplified fragment length polymorphis markers for development of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) hybrid cultivars

“…3) from other double low WOSR. The genetic diversity of resynthesized (RS) and semi-resynthesized (semi-RS) lines has also been demonstrated in studies of 101 breeding lines and WOSR cultivars using 10 AFLP primer combinations (Liersch et al 2016). Similar results were obtained by Sosnowska et al (2017) in investigations of collections of spring and WOSR cultivars, B. rapa and Brassica oleracea, as well as nearly 50 RS lines and semi-RS lines.…”

“…The process of breeding hybrid varieties requires a large number of crosspollination combinations of parental lines and their evaluation in multiple field experiments, preferably in multiple environments in terms of general and specific combining ability, with simultaneous very careful selection of the components based on a number of qualitative characteristics (Bocianowski et al 2016). For this purpose, methods are sought that would allow the early selection of parental components of F1 hybrids, and thus the shortening of the breeding cycle (Liersch et al 2016). Such studies performed in different species of plants have shown that one of the elements allowing a high heterosis effect to be obtained in the yield of seeds is the genetic distance (GD) of the parental forms used to make the F1 hybrid.…”

Genotype-by-environment interaction for seed quality traits in interspecific cross-derived Brassica lines using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model

“…Due to their wide adaptation and ability to thrive under varying agroclimatic conditions, brassica crops are grown throughout the world for food, animal forage, fodder and industrial applications (Eckes et al 2017). In Poland within Brassica species, winter oilseed rape is the most important oil-protein plant (Liersch et al 2016;Szała et al 2016;Sosnowska et al 2017).…”

Effect of Genotype × Environment Interaction for Seed Traits in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

“…In the last 15 years, the global production of rapeseed has doubled, reaching over 60 million tons, with a grain production of almost 71 million tons recorded in the marketing year of 2018/2019 [1]. In Poland and other European countries characterized by moderate climate conditions, winter oilseed rape (WOSR) is considered as the most important oil-protein crop [2][3][4][5]. Since the 1960s, there has been a strong selection pressure to develop double-low (canola) oilseed rape producing seeds characterized by a very low content of erucic acid (C22:1, no more than 2%) and a significantly lowered glucosinolates (GLS) content (less than 25 µmole g −1 of seeds), as compared to over 50% of erucic acid and until 160 µmole g −1 of seeds of GLS, respectively, in the 'traditional' oilseed rape cultivars.…”