Assessment of Cutaneous and Serum Oxidative Stress Changes in Dogs Infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. Canis

Nwufoh, Onyeka Chidiebele; Sadiq, Nurudeen Ayinde; Emikpe, Benjamin Obukowho; Omobowale, Tayo

doi:10.5152/actavet.2020.19010

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Our histopathological findings regarding the skin sections from the infected untreated group were partly consistent with other previous reports in mangy rabbits (Abdelaziz et al 2022 ) and other animal species like pigs (Debnath et al 2020 ), dogs (Nwufoh et al 2020b ), Iberian ibex (Valldeperes et al 2021 ), and wild boars (Sannö et al 2021 ). Despite this consistency, differences in skin lesions were seen, even in animals of the same species, presumably due to differences in genetic background, immune responses, stage of the disease, infection intensities, and presence or absence of secondary infections in various hosts (Nimmervoll et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Sharaf,

Othman,

Abd El Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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Recently, scabies was included in the WHO roadmap for neglected tropical diseases 2021–2030. Till now, ivermectin is the only available oral drug that is currently approved for treating crusted scabies in humans. Concerns regarding its efficacy and safety have prompted research efforts to find new alternatives. Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a single dose of fluralaner in cases of crusted scabies in comparison with that of repeated weekly high doses of ivermectin. For the in vitro study, twenty adult female mites were exposed to 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml ivermectin and fluralaner to evaluate their effects on mites' survival. For the in vivo study, thirty-five male crossbreed rabbits were divided into 4 groups: group I (non-infected, non-treated), group II (infected, non-treated), group III (infected and treated with ivermectin in a weekly oral dose of 0.4 mg/kg body weight/rabbit for 4 weeks, starting 8 weeks post-infection), and group IV (infected and treated with fluralaner given as a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg body weight/rabbit, starting 8 weeks post-infection). Clinical, parasitological, histopathological, and biochemical assessments were done. Clinical and parasitological assays were accomplished to all infected groups starting from day 0, then on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 post-treatment, while histopathological and biochemical assessments were done at the end of the 8th week post-treatment (day 56). Our results showed that fluralaner exhibited a higher acaricidal effect on adult Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi when compared with ivermectin applied in the same concentration (50 μg/ml or 100 μg/ml). Concerning the in vivo study, both clinical cure and parasitological cure were noted in both treated groups, evidenced by complete absence of all clinical signs of infestation and absence of mites in all skin scrapings. However, the ivermectin-treated group showed incomplete histopathological and biochemical resolution. Interestingly, both clinical cure and negative skin scrapings were noticed earlier in the fluralaner-treated group, with no apparent side effects. Also, no significant differences were noticed in the skin sections and serum biochemical parameters when compared with those of the negative control group. We concluded that fluralaner is a promising scabicidal agent that is recommended to be studied for possible human use, especially in control programs. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Sharaf,

Othman,

Abd El Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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“…In the present study, increased MDA concentration in infested animals might be associated with cellular damage. An increase in skin MDA in S. scabiei infested dogs were reported by Nwufoh et al [104].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

Sawhney

Mondal

et al. 2020

Animals

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The burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei causes scabies in humans or mange in animals. It infests a wide range of mammalian species including livestock, companion animals, wild animals, and humans. Differential diagnosis of Sarcoptes varieties is key for epidemiological studies and for formulation of an eradication program. Host-parasite interaction at the systemic level is very important to understand the pathogenicity of the mite. This communication deals with the preliminary report on the genetic characterization of S. scabiei from India. Moreover, the effect of S. scabiei infestation on host physiology with special emphasis on serum biochemical parameters, lipid profile, oxidant/antioxidant balance, stress parameters, and immune responses were evaluated in a porcine model. Cytochrome C oxidase 1 and voltage-sensitive sodium channel based phylogenetic study could distinguish human and animals isolates but could not distinguish host or geographical specific isolates belonging to animal origin. An absence of host-specific cluster among animal isolates argues against the hypothesis of delineating S. scabiei as per host origin. Elevated levels of markers of liver function such as albumin, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH in infested animals indicated impaired liver function in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation induced atherogenic dyslipidemia indicated by elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, and a decreased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Oxidative stress in infested animals was indicated by a high level of nitric oxide and serum MDA as oxidative stress markers and low antioxidant capacity. S. scabiei triggered stress response and elevated levels of serum cortisol and heat shock proteins were recorded in infested animals. S. scabiei infestation increased the serum concentration of immunoglobulins and was associated with up-regulation of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-4 indicating both Th1 and Th2 response. The results of the study will be helpful for a better understanding of host-parasite interaction at the systemic level in crusted scabies in pigs.

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Assessment of Cutaneous and Serum Oxidative Stress Changes in Dogs Infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. Canis

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Host-Parasite Interaction in Sarcoptes scabiei Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India

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