Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Sharaf, Mahmoud S.; Othman, Ahmad A.; Abd El Ghaffar, Amira E.; Ali, Dareen M.; Eid, Mohamed M.

doi:10.1007/s00436-023-07945-w

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…Also, serum crusts and extravasated erythrocytes are frequent findings. The dermis usually shows superficial and deep perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates with many eosinophils, plasma cells and neutrophils (Sharaf et al 2023b ) (Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Histopathological Changes In Scabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scabies: Immunopathogenesis and pathological changes

Sharaf

2024

Parasitol Res

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Scabies is an itchy skin disease caused by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei. During their lifespan, the female mites invade the stratum corneum and create tunnels, in which they reside, move, feed, deposit fecal pellets, and lay eggs. Recently, scabies was included in the World Health Organization roadmap for neglected tropical diseases 2021–2030. This review attempts to summarize our knowledge about the mite’s biology and the disease pathogenesis, pathological changes, and complications. Generally, the host–parasite interaction in scabies is highly complex and involves different mechanisms, some of which are yet largely unknown. Elucidation of the nature of such interaction as well as the underlying mechanisms could allow a better understanding of the mite’s biology and the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic options for scabies control programs. Moreover, identification of the molecular basis of such interaction could unveil novel targets for acaricidal agents and vaccines.

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Section: Histopathological Changes In Scabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scabies: Immunopathogenesis and pathological changes

Sharaf

2024

Parasitol Res

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Adaptive interventions for advancing in situ wildlife disease management

Wilkinson,

Richards,

Burgess

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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There is a critical need for advancements in disease management strategies for wildlife, but free‐living animals pose numerous challenges that can hinder progress. Most disease management attempts involve fixed interventions accompanied by post hoc outcome assessments focused on success or failure. Though these approaches have led to valuable management advances, there are limitations to both the rate of advancement and amount of information that can be gained. As such, strategies that support more rapid progress are required. Sarcoptic mange, caused by epidermal infection with Sarcoptes scabiei mites, is a globally emerging and re‐emerging panzootic that exemplifies this problem. The bare‐nosed wombat (Vombatus ursinus), a marsupial endemic to southeastern Australia, is impacted by sarcoptic mange throughout its geographic range and enhanced disease management capabilities are needed to improve upon existing in situ methods. We sought to advance in situ wildlife disease management for sarcoptic mange in free‐living bare‐nosed wombats, implementing an adaptive approach using fluralaner (Bravecto, MSD Animal Health) and a structured process of learning and method‐optimisation. By using surveillance of treated wombats to inform real‐time management changes, we have demonstrated the efficacy of topically administered fluralaner at 45 and 85 mg/kg against sarcoptic mange. Importantly, we observed variation in the effects of 45 mg/kg doses, but through our adaptive approach found that 85 mg/kg doses consistently reduced mange severity. Through modifying our surveillance program, we also identified individual‐level variation in wombat observability and used this to quantify the level of surveillance needed to assess long‐term management success. Our adaptive intervention represents the first report of sarcoptic mange management with fluralaner in free‐living wildlife and evaluation of its efficacy in situ. This study illustrates how adapting interventions in real time can advance wildlife disease management and may be applicable to accelerating in situ improvements for other host–pathogen systems.

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Scabies vaccines: where we stand and challenges ahead

Sharaf

2024

Parasitol Res

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Scabies is an itchy skin disease caused by the burrowing mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. During their lifespan, female mites invade the stratum corneum and create tunnels in which they reside, move, feed, deposit fecal pellets, and lay eggs. Globally, more than 200 million people are estimated to be affected by scabies annually. Currently, using scabicidal agents is the only approved method for treating scabies. However, resistance to commonly used agents such as permethrin and ivermectin has been observed in scabies mites. Therefore, the development of vaccines for scabies, either as a preventative measure or for treatment, is crucial to control such neglected diseases. Since the host could evolve a protective immune response that could prevent re-infestation by scabies mites, vaccine development is theoretically possible. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ongoing challenges regarding the currently available control measures for scabies. It also explores the promising path of scabies vaccine development, highlighting the current state of research and challenges that need to be addressed to develop new and innovative measures for both treating and preventing scabies infections.

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Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Scabies: Immunopathogenesis and pathological changes

Scabies: Immunopathogenesis and pathological changes

Adaptive interventions for advancing in situ wildlife disease management

Scabies vaccines: where we stand and challenges ahead

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